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| Adobe's Flash plugin cannot be included in Fedora because it is not free/libre and open source software. Adobe does release a version of the Flash plugin for Linux, and this can be used in Firefox, Konqueror and other popular Internet browsers. When Adobe releases a newer version of the Linux Flash plugin, it makes packages available for Fedora, but Fedora cannot include Adobe's plugin as long as it is unavailable as free and open source software. | | Adobe's Flash plugin cannot be included in Fedora because it is not free/libre and open source software. Adobe does release a version of the Flash plugin for Linux, and this can be used in Firefox, Konqueror and other popular Internet browsers. When Adobe releases a newer version of the Linux Flash plugin, it makes packages available for Fedora, but Fedora cannot include Adobe's plugin as long as it is unavailable as free and open source software. |
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| {{admon/note | Free alternatives to Adobe Flash | There is a free and open source alternative called [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/ Gnash] available in Fedora's software repositories. Gnash can play flash videos but the audio portion of flash is often under the MP3 format which is patent encumbered. Since Gnash uses Gstreamer, you can get additional codecs from other third party repositories but Fedora unfortunately cannot include them. There is also another free and open source alternative called [http://sourceforge.net/apps/trac/lightspark Lightspark]. Scroll below for more details on installing Gnash.
| | There are other open alternatives to Flash itself, including the patent unencumbered and free WebM, Ogg Theora video and Ogg Vorbis audio formats. Fedora has complete support for such open formats, and Fedora includes several web browsers including Firefox, Epiphany etc that plays Ogg and WebM files directly, without any need of third party and proprietary browser plugins. |
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| There are other open alternatives to Flash itself, including the patent unencumbered and free WebM, Ogg Theora video and Ogg Vorbis audio formats. Fedora has complete support for such open formats, and Fedora includes a version of Firefox web browser that plays Ogg and WebM (Firefox 15 onwards) files directly, without any need of third party and proprietary browser plugins.}}
| | == YouTube, Vimeo and WebM support == |
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| == YouTube and WebM support ==
| | Google has open sourced an implementation of VP8 video format and combined it with Ogg Vorbis audio and an adaptation of the Matroska container, creating a new format for free and open video and audio called WebM. YouTube is switching over to using WebM extensively and Fedora has embraced this format as well. Current versions of Fedora support WebM by default. |
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| Google has open sourced the VP8 video format and combined it with Ogg Vorbis audio and an adaptation of the Matroska container, creating a new format for free and open video and audio called WebM. YouTube is switching over to using WebM extensively and Fedora has embraced this format as well. Current versions of Fedora support WebM by default.
| | The Vimeo videoportal makes intensive use of javascript, and can in most cases be accessed without the need for Flash. |
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| To enable support for it in YouTube, go to http://youtube.com/html5 and click on "Join the HTML5 Beta" link in the bottom of that page. Note that all videos are not available in WebM format yet, but this is expected to happen over time. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkeLgjv9W08 Here] is a sample video for testing.
| | Youtube will automatically forward your Webbrowser to the right version, where no flash is needed if Flash is not installed on your system. Vimeo does that even more often, even if a flash player is installed. |
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| == Enabling Flash plugin == | | {| |
| | |- |
| | | style="border-width: 0;" | {{admon/tip | Worth to mention | Note that not all videos are available in WebM, or an open webmedia format yet, but the majority of them should play just fine. }} |
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| Adobe offers several methods to install their 32-/64-bit Flash 11 plugins. In general, the YUM version is preferred, since it allows the plugin to be updated automatically through Fedora's normal update mechanism. The YUM version simply installs the repository configuration files, after which you must install the Flash plugin separately.
| | == Flash plugin == |
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| To begin, refer to the Adobe site at http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/. Select ''YUM for Linux'' to download, and confirm. This will download the adobe-release-'''ARCH'''-1.0-1.noarch.rpm file. ('''ARCH''' refers to 'i386' for 32-bit, 'x86_64' for 64-bit.)
| | For information on installing the plugin, refer to [https://ask.fedoraproject.org/en/question/10217/ Ask Fedora Flash page] |
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| Simply opening the file should automatically run it with rpm and ask for authentication properly. Should it fail, run following command within the directory where you have downloaded the repository rpm file.
| | == See Also == |
| <pre>
| | * [[How to create and use Live USB|Flash Drive]] |
| # For 32-bit users:
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| su -c 'rpm -ivh adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm'
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| # For 64-bit users:
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| su -c 'rpm -ivh adobe-release-x86_64-1.0-1.noarch.rpm'
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| </pre>
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| The .rpm file also copies the adobe General Public Key (GPG key) to /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux but does not import it. To import the key, type:
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux'
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| </pre>
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| The system is now ready to fetch rpm packages from adobe using yum. To verify this, take a look at the /etc/yum.repos.d/adobe-linux-i386.repo file that was just created. You should see something similar to the following:
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| <pre>
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| [adobe-linux-i386]
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| name=Adobe Systems Incorporated
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| baseurl=http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/linux/i386/
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| enabled=1
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| gpgcheck=1
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| gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
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| </pre>
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| Notice that the file contains the URL where the packages are located, whether or not the repository should be enabled, whether rpm should check downloaded packages from adobe against the GPG key, and the location of the key itself.
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| (If getting the tar.gz version of either the 32-bit or 64-bit plugin, unpack it and copy it to /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins or /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins. Make sure that its ownership is root:root and that permissions are set to -rwxr-xr-x. Also, as root, run either restorecon -v '/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so' or restorecon -v '/usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so', depending on whether you are using the 32- or 64-bit version. The 64-bit alpha is currently only available in a .tar.gz version.)
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| After completing the Adobe repository configuration, run the following command to install the Flash plugin and ensure sound is enabled:
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'yum install flash-plugin'
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| </pre>
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| Next, you should exit all copies of '''Firefox''' and start it again to enable the plugin, and then [[#Checking_the_plugin | check the plugin]].
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| == Checking the plugin == | |
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| Type the following text in the Firefox address bar:
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| <pre>
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| about:plugins
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| </pre>
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| A section similar to the following should appear:
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| [[Image:Flash-check-2.png]] | |
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| This information tells you that the Adobe Flash plugin has been successfully installed.
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| Also check the [http://www.adobe.com/software/flash/about/ Adobe Flash Player test page]
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| == Installing the plugin on Chrome ==
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| Follow all of the instructions above. Then:
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| - create a Chrome plugin folder:
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'mkdir /opt/google/chrome/plugins'
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| </pre>
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| - on 32-bit, create a symbolic link that tells Chrome how to find the 32-bit plugin:
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'ln -s /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so /opt/google/chrome/plugins/libflashplayer.so'
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| </pre>
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| - on 64-bit, create a symbolic link that tells Chrome how to find the 64-bit plugin:
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| - run Mozilla Firefox once so that it creates /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins-wrapped/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'ln -s /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins-wrapped/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so /opt/google/chrome/plugins/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so'
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| </pre>
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| - Exit all Chrome windows and restart Chrome.
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| - In the Chrome address bar, type "about:plugins" to check whether the plugin loaded. You may have to re-run Chrome with the --enable-plugins command line switch to force Chrome to re-scan its plugins folder.
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| == Installing the plugin on Chromium ==
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| Follow all of the instructions in the Enabling Flash Plugin section. Then:
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| - on 32-bit, create a symbolic link that tells Chromium how to find the 32-bit plugin:
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'ln -s /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/chromium-browser/plugins/libflashplayer.so'
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| </pre>
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| - on 64-bit, create a symbolic link that tells Chromium how to find the 64-bit plugin:
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| - run Mozilla Firefox once so that it creates /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins-wrapped/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'ln -s /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins-wrapped/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so /usr/lib64/chromium-browser/plugins/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so'
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| </pre>
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| - Exit all Chromium windows and restart Chromium.
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| - In the Chromium address bar, type "about:plugins" to check whether the plugin loaded. You may have to re-run Chromium with the --enable-plugins command line switch to force Chromium to re-scan its plugins folder.
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| == Troubleshooting and notes ==
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| === SELinux problems ===
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| In some cases, <code>nspluginwrapper</code> produces SELinux AVC errors, some of which may prevent viewing Flash content. Changing the relevant SELinux boolean may resolve this problem, but eliminates a great deal of additional security when using <code>nspluginwrapper</code>. To make the change, run the following command:
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| <pre>
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| su -c 'setsebool -P allow_unconfined_nsplugin_transition=0'
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| </pre>
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| === After Fedora upgrade/preupgrade ===
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| To regenerate wrapper previously generated by nspluginwrapper you need to remove the old one:
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| <pre>su -c 'rm /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins-wrapped/nswrapper_32_64.libflashplayer.so'</pre>
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| Please, restart your browser after this.
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| == Installing Gnash ==
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| Fedora includes a free and open source Flash player called Gnash. Gnash is very modular and includes plugins for Mozilla and Konqueror as well as a desktop player. You likely want the Mozilla plugin.
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| Use PackageKit or run the following as root user
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| <pre>yum remove nspluginwrapper
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| yum install gnash-plugin</pre>
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| If you use Konqueror as your web browser,
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| <pre> yum install gnash-klash </pre>
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| If you would like to have a desktop flash player,
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| <pre> yum install gnash </pre>
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| Note that Flash often relies on MP3 for audio and Fedora cannot include support for it since it is a patent encumbered format. Gnash uses the Gstreamer multimedia framework and hence additional multimedia codecs can be installed separately. [[Third party repositories]] might provide such codecs.
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This page contains information on Flash, a proprietary format for delivering audio and video content, primarily over the Internet.
Flash is non-free/proprietary software
Adobe's Flash plugin cannot be included in Fedora because it is not free/libre and open source software. Adobe does release a version of the Flash plugin for Linux, and this can be used in Firefox, Konqueror and other popular Internet browsers. When Adobe releases a newer version of the Linux Flash plugin, it makes packages available for Fedora, but Fedora cannot include Adobe's plugin as long as it is unavailable as free and open source software.
There are other open alternatives to Flash itself, including the patent unencumbered and free WebM, Ogg Theora video and Ogg Vorbis audio formats. Fedora has complete support for such open formats, and Fedora includes several web browsers including Firefox, Epiphany etc that plays Ogg and WebM files directly, without any need of third party and proprietary browser plugins.
YouTube, Vimeo and WebM support
Google has open sourced an implementation of VP8 video format and combined it with Ogg Vorbis audio and an adaptation of the Matroska container, creating a new format for free and open video and audio called WebM. YouTube is switching over to using WebM extensively and Fedora has embraced this format as well. Current versions of Fedora support WebM by default.
The Vimeo videoportal makes intensive use of javascript, and can in most cases be accessed without the need for Flash.
Youtube will automatically forward your Webbrowser to the right version, where no flash is needed if Flash is not installed on your system. Vimeo does that even more often, even if a flash player is installed.
Worth to mention
Note that not all videos are available in WebM, or an open webmedia format yet, but the majority of them should play just fine.
Flash plugin
For information on installing the plugin, refer to Ask Fedora Flash page
See Also
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