|
|
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| = Packaging Guidelines for MinGW Windows cross-compiler =
| | This page has been removed as the old MinGW guidelines are no longer relevant. |
| | |
| {{admon/important|Old|These guidelines apply only to pre-Fedora-17 releases (including RHEL-6 and older). New guidelines for MinGW are now in use for Fedora 17 and newer releases: [[Packaging:MinGW]] }}
| |
| | |
| = Introduction =
| |
| | |
| The Fedora MinGW project's mission is to provide an excellent
| |
| development environment for Fedora users who wish to cross-compile
| |
| their programs to run on Windows, minimizing the need to use Windows
| |
| at all. In the past developers have had to port and compile all of
| |
| the libraries and tools they have needed, and this huge effort has
| |
| happened independently many times over. We aim to eliminate
| |
| duplication of work for application developers by providing a range of
| |
| libraries and development tools which have already been ported to the
| |
| cross-compiler environment. This means that developers will not need
| |
| to recompile the application stack themselves, but can concentrate
| |
| just on the changes needed to their own application.
| |
| | |
| = Track Fedora native package versions =
| |
| | |
| In general terms, MinGW packages which provide cross-compiled versions
| |
| of packages already natively available in Fedora, should follow the
| |
| native Fedora package as closely as possible. This means they should
| |
| stay at the same version, include all the same patches as the native
| |
| Fedora package, and be built with the same configuration options.
| |
| | |
| The MinGW SIG have written an RPM comparison tool which makes it
| |
| possible to compare MinGW packages with the Fedora native packages, in
| |
| order to determine whether versions, patches and configuration are
| |
| aligned.
| |
| | |
| = Follow Fedora policy =
| |
| | |
| MinGW packages must follow Fedora policy, except where noted in this
| |
| document. MinGW packages go through the same review process, CVS
| |
| admin process etc as other Fedora packages.
| |
| | |
| = Package naming =
| |
| | |
| Built packages should be named by prefixing the upstream package name
| |
| with <code>mingw32-</code>
| |
| | |
| Source packages can be named starting with <code>mingw-</code> in order to more easily support a transition to the new MinGW guidelines which mandate that naming. Otherwise two separate package repositories must be set up ("mingw32-foo" and "mingw-foo") with one needing to be marked EOL.
| |
| | |
| = Base packages =
| |
| | |
| The base packages provide a root filesystem, base libraries, binutils
| |
| (basic programs like 'strip', 'ld' etc), the compiler (gcc) and the
| |
| Win32 API. Packages may need to depend on one or more of these. In
| |
| particular, almost any conceivable package should depend on
| |
| <code>mingw32-filesystem</code> and <code>mingw32-runtime</code>.
| |
| | |
| {|
| |
| | <code>mingw32-filesystem</code> || Core filesystem directory layout, and RPM macros for spec files. Equivalent to 'filesystem' RPM
| |
| |-
| |
| | <code>mingw32-runtime</code> || Base libraries for core MinGW runtime & development environment. Equivalent to glibc & glibc-devel RPMs
| |
| |-
| |
| | <code>mingw32-binutils</code> || Cross-compiled binutils (utilities like 'strip', 'as', 'ld') which understand Windows executables and DLLs. Equivalent to 'binutils' RPM
| |
| |-
| |
| | <code>mingw32-w32api</code> || Win32 API. A [http://www.mingw.org/MinGWiki/index.php/w32api free (public domain) reimplementation] of the header files required to link to the Win32 API. No direct equivalent in base Fedora - glibc-devel is closest
| |
| |-
| |
| | <code>mingw32-gcc</code> || GNU compiler collection. Compilers for C and C++ which cross-compile to a Windows target. Equivalent to gcc RPM
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| = Filesystem layout =
| |
| | |
| [root]
| |
| |
| |
| +- etc
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- rpm
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- macros.mingw32
| |
| |
| |
| +- usr
| |
| |
| |
| +- bin - Links to cross compiler toolchain
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- i686-pc-mingw32-cpp
| |
| | +- i686-pc-mingw32-gcc
| |
| | +- i686-pc-mingw32-g++
| |
| | +- ... etc..
| |
| |
| |
| +- lib
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- rpm
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- mingw32-defs - custom helper scripts for auto-requires, binary stripping, etc
| |
| | +- mingw32-find-provides.sh - extra DLL names
| |
| | +- mingw32-find-requires.sh - discover required DLL names
| |
| |
| |
| +- i686-pc-mingw32 - root of mingw toolchain and binaries - see next diagram
| |
| | |
| | |
| /usr/i686-pc-mingw32
| |
| |
| |
| +- bin - Cross compiler toolchain
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- cpp
| |
| | +- gcc
| |
| | +- g++
| |
| | +- ... etc ...
| |
| |
| |
| +- lib - Cross compiler toolchain support libraries / files
| |
| |
| |
| +- sys-root - root for cross compiled binaries
| |
| |
| |
| +- mingw
| |
| |
| |
| +- bin - cross-compiled binaries & runtime DLL parts
| |
| +- doc - documentation
| |
| +- include - include files for cross compiled libs
| |
| +- lib - cross-compiled static libraries & linktime DLL parts
| |
| | |
| |
| | +- pkgconfig - pkg-config definitions for libraries
| |
| |
| |
| +- share
| |
| |
| |
| +- man
| |
| | |
| = Filenames of the cross-compilers and binutils =
| |
| | |
| The cross-compilers and binutils are Fedora binaries and are therefore
| |
| placed in <code>%{_bindir}</code> (ie. <code>/usr/bin</code>)
| |
| according to the FHS and Fedora guidelines.
| |
| | |
| The cross-compilers and binutils which generate i686 binaries for Windows are named:
| |
| | |
| %{_bindir}/i686-pc-mingw32-gcc
| |
| %{_bindir}/i686-pc-mingw32-g++
| |
| %{_bindir}/i686-pc-mingw32-ld
| |
| %{_bindir}/i686-pc-mingw32-as
| |
| %{_bindir}/i686-pc-mingw32-strip
| |
| etc.
| |
| | |
| The same binaries are present in
| |
| <code>%{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/bin</code> without any prefix in the
| |
| name, ie:
| |
| | |
| %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/bin/gcc
| |
| %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/bin/g++
| |
| %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/bin/ld
| |
| %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/bin/as
| |
| %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/bin/strip
| |
| etc.
| |
| | |
| = Naming of the root filesystem =
| |
| | |
| The root filesystem contains Windows executables and DLLs and any other Windows-only
| |
| files. It is necessary both because we need to store Windows libraries in order to
| |
| link further libraries which depend on them, and also because MinGW requires a
| |
| root filesystem location. The location (for i686 target) is provided by the macro:
| |
| | |
| %{_mingw32_sysroot} %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/sys-root
| |
| | |
| = Standard mingw RPM macros =
| |
| | |
| The <code>mingw32-filesystem</code> package provides a number of
| |
| convenience macros for the cross compiled sysroot directories, and
| |
| toolchain. It is mandatory to use these macros in all MinGW packages
| |
| submitted to Fedora.
| |
| | |
| == Toolchain macros ==
| |
| | |
| The following macros are for the %build and %install section of the spec
| |
| | |
| {|
| |
| | _mingw32_ar || i686-pc-mingw32-ar || cross compiler 'ar' binary
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_cc || i686-pc-mingw32-gcc || cross compiler 'gcc' binary
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_cflags || -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 ||
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_configure || CC="%{_mingw32_cc}" CFLAGS="%{_mingw32_cflags}" ./configure --build=%_build --host=%{_mingw32_host} --target=%{_mingw32_target} --prefix=%{_mingw32_prefix} || standard invocation for autotools 'configure' scripts
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_cpp || i686-pc-mingw32-gcc -E || cross compiler 'cpp' binary
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_host || i686-pc-mingw32 || Host platform for build
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_objdump || i686-pc-mingw32-objdump || cross compiler 'objdump' binary
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_ranlib || i686-pc-mingw32-ranlib || cross compiler 'ranlib' binary
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_strip || i686-pc-mingw32-strip || cross compiler 'strip' binary
| |
| |-
| |
| | _mingw32_target || i686-pc-mingw32 || Target platform for build
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| == Filesystem location macros ==
| |
| | |
| The following macros are for use in %build, %install and %files sections of the RPM spec
| |
| | |
| {|
| |
| |_mingw32_bindir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/bin || Location of Windows executables.
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_datadir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/share || Shared data used under Windows.
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_docdir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/share/doc || Documentation.
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_infodir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/share/info || Info files (see note below).
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_includedir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/include || Header files used when cross-compiling for Windows.
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_libdir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/lib || Windows libraries (see sections below).
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_libexecdir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/libexec ||
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_mandir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/share/man || Man pages (see note below).
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_prefix || %{_mingw32_sysroot}/mingw || Windows equivalent of %{_prefix}, required by MinGW.
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_sbindir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/sbin ||
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_sysconfdir || %{_mingw32_prefix}/etc || Configuration files used when running under Windows.
| |
| |-
| |
| |_mingw32_sysroot || %{_prefix}/i686-pc-mingw32/sys-root || Windows system root.
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| = Dependencies =
| |
| | |
| If a package contains binaries which depend on a DLL provided by
| |
| another package, these dependencies should be expressed in the form:
| |
| | |
| mingw32(foo.dll)
| |
| | |
| where <code>foo.dll</code> is the name of the DLL. The name must be
| |
| converted to lowercase because Windows binaries contain case
| |
| insensitive dependencies.
| |
| | |
| All packages should depend on <code>mingw32-filesystem</code>.
| |
| | |
| Correct dependency generation is done automatically. Packagers should
| |
| include these lines in all library packages:
| |
| | |
| %global _use_internal_dependency_generator 0
| |
| %global __find_requires %{_mingw32_findrequires}
| |
| %global __find_provides %{_mingw32_findprovides}
| |
| | |
| All specfiles should BuildRequire at least:
| |
| | |
| BuildRequires: mingw32-filesystem >= minimum-version
| |
| | |
| and any other BuildRequires that they need.
| |
| | |
| = Build architecture =
| |
| | |
| All packages should have:
| |
| | |
| BuildArch: noarch
| |
| | |
| unless they contain Fedora native executables.
| |
| | |
| = Libraries (DLLs) =
| |
| | |
| All libraries must be built as DLLs.
| |
| | |
| Because of the peculiarity of Windows, DLLs are stored in the
| |
| <code>%{_mingw32_bindir}</code> directory, along with a control file in
| |
| the <code>%{_mingw32_libdir}</code> directory. For example, for a
| |
| library called <code>foo</code> there would be:
| |
| | |
| %{_mingw32_bindir}/foo.dll
| |
| %{_mingw32_bindir}/foo.def
| |
| %{_mingw32_libdir}/foo.dll.a
| |
| %{_mingw32_libdir}/foo.la
| |
| | |
| All files are required in those locations in order to link
| |
| successfully, except that the <code>.def</code> file is not always
| |
| built by libtool for reasons unknown, and the <code>.dll</code> may
| |
| contain a version number although not always
| |
| (eg. <code>foo-0.dll</code>).
| |
| | |
| == Do not use %{_mingw32_bindir}/* or %{_mingw32_libdir}/* in %files section ==
| |
| | |
| The <code>%files</code> section must list DLLs separately. Packages
| |
| must NOT use <code>%{_mingw32_bindir}/*</code> or
| |
| <code>%{_mingw32_libdir}/*</code>
| |
| | |
| The reason for this is that libtool is very fragile and will give up
| |
| on building a DLL very easily. Therefore we force the name of the DLL
| |
| to be listed explicitly in the <code>%files</code> section in order to
| |
| catch this during RPM builds.
| |
| | |
| == Manpages and info files ==
| |
| | |
| If manpages or info files are simply duplicates of equivalent
| |
| documentation found in Fedora native packages, then they should not be
| |
| packaged in the MinGW package.
| |
| | |
| == Static libraries ==
| |
| | |
| In accordance with ordinary Fedora policy, static libraries should not
| |
| be built, and if they are then they should be placed in a
| |
| <code>-static</code> subpackage.
| |
| | |
| The exception is the base package <code>mingw32-w32api</code> which
| |
| contains static libraries that are required for GCC to create
| |
| executables.
| |
| | |
| == Stripping ==
| |
| | |
| Libraries and executables should be stripped. This is done correctly
| |
| and automatically if the spec file includes these lines:
| |
| | |
| %global __strip %{_mingw32_strip}
| |
| %global __objdump %{_mingw32_objdump}
| |
| | |
| (Note that if __strip and __objdump are not overridden in the specfile
| |
| then this can sometimes cause Windows binaries to be corrupted).
| |
| | |
| == Example Specfile ==
| |
| <pre>
| |
| %global __strip %{_mingw32_strip}
| |
| %global __objdump %{_mingw32_objdump}
| |
| %global _use_internal_dependency_generator 0
| |
| %global __find_requires %{_mingw32_findrequires}
| |
| %global __find_provides %{_mingw32_findprovides}
| |
| %define __debug_install_post %{_mingw32_debug_install_post}
| |
| | |
| Name: mingw-example
| |
| Version: 1.2.3
| |
| Release: 1%{?dist}
| |
| Summary:
| |
| | |
| License: LGPLv2+
| |
| Group: Development/Libraries
| |
| URL:
| |
| Source0:
| |
| | |
| BuildArch: noarch
| |
| | |
| BuildRequires: mingw32-filesystem
| |
| BuildRequires: mingw32-gcc
| |
| BuildRequires: mingw32-binutils
| |
| # Any additional BuildRequires.
| |
| | |
| %description
| |
| # description
| |
| | |
| %package -n mingw32-example
| |
| Summary:
| |
| %description -n mingw32-example
| |
| # description
| |
| | |
| | |
| %{?_mingw32_debug_package}
| |
| | |
| | |
| %prep
| |
| %setup -q -n example-%{version}
| |
| | |
| | |
| %build
| |
| %{_mingw32_configure}
| |
| make %{?_smp_mflags}
| |
| | |
| | |
| %install
| |
| make DESTDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT install
| |
| | |
| # Remove static libraries but DON'T remove *.dll.a files.
| |
| rm $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mingw32_libdir}/libfoo.a
| |
| | |
| | |
| %files -n mingw32-example
| |
| %doc COPYING
| |
| %{_mingw32_bindir}/foo.dll
| |
| %{_mingw32_libdir}/foo.dll.a
| |
| # etc.
| |
| | |
| | |
| %changelog
| |
| * Wed Sep 10 2008 Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com> - 1.2.3-1
| |
| - Initial RPM release.
| |
| </pre>
| |
| | |
| [[Category:Packaging guidelines]]
| |
