QA:Testcase firewalld and NetworkManager

Description

Firewalld needs NetworkManager, which tells firewalld what network interface belongs to which zone. This is the test case to check if firewalld and NetworkManager are working together.

How to test

1. Connect to a network and check if the network is part of the default zone:

Show all supported zones:

 firewall-cmd --get-zones

The output should look like this:

 drop work internal trusted home dmz public block external

Show all active zones with the interfaces belonging to the zones:

 firewall-cmd --get-active-zones

The output should look like this (em1 is in used as an example):

 public: em1

List all settings of the public zone:

 firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all

The output should look like this:

 zone: public
 interfaces: em1
 services: mdns dhcpv6-client ssh

To see the zone of active devices with nmcli (the NetworkManager command line client):

 nmcli -f NAME,DEVICES,ZONE con status

The output should look like this:

 NAME                      DEVICES    ZONE
 System em1                em1        --

-- means to use the default zone.

You can also check (as root) the resulting firewall directly:

 iptables-save | grep ZONES

The result should be something like this:

 :POSTROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
 :PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
 -A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
 -A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES
 :PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
 -A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
 :FORWARD_ZONES - [0:0]
 :INPUT_ZONES - [0:0]
 -A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES
 -A FORWARD -j FORWARD_ZONES
 -A FORWARD_ZONES -i em1 -j FWDI_ZONE_public
 -A FORWARD_ZONES -o em1 -j FWDO_ZONE_public
 -A INPUT_ZONES -i em1 -j IN_ZONE_public

em1 is the interface used by NetworkManager for the connection. NM will automatically add the interface of a connection to the default zone.

2. Change the zone of a connection.

To change a zone of connection you can either use NetworkManager GUI or edit the connection configuration files manually.

Using a NetworkManager GUI

network-manager-applet (GNOME, Xfce)

You need network-manager-applet-0.9.7.0-6.git20121211.fc18 from updates-testing repo.

System Settings -> Network, select the connection, click on Options... and go to General tab. Change Firewall zone combo box and press Save....

kde-plasma-networkmanagement (KDE)

System Settings -> Network Settings, select the connection and click on Edit.... Change Firewall zone combo box and press OK.

After you change the zone in either network-manager-applet or kde-plasma-networkmanagement try the following commands to make sure the zone has been correctly changed.

 firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
 nmcli -f NAME,DEVICES,ZONE con status

Editing connection configuration files

Add ZONE=work to the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-* file of the connection.

As root use an editor and add for example ZONE=work to the end of the ifcfg- file of that connection in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/. The result should look similar to this (only the last line is important):

 UUID="......................"
 NM_CONTROLLED="yes"
 BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
 DEVICE="em1"
 ONBOOT=yes
 HWADDR=.........
 TYPE=Ethernet
 DEFROUTE=yes
 PEERDNS=yes
 PEERROUTES=yes
 IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
 IPV6INIT=no
 NAME="System em1":
 ZONE=work

NetworkManager will automatically reconnect and the zone will be set accordingly:

 firewall-cmd --zone=work --list-all

The output should look like this:

 zone: work
 interfaces: em1
 services: ipp-client mdns dhcpv6-client ssh

Also check the output of

 firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=em1

3. Remove the ZONE from the ifcfg file again

After you remove the ZONE line from ifcfg file, NetworkManager will place the interface back into the default zone public.

4. Set a new default zone in the firewalld config file as root with an editor:

The firewalld config file is: /etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf

Change the DefaultZone to look like this:

 # default zone
 # The default zone used if an empty zone string is used.
 # Default: public
 DefaultZone=home

Reload firewalld:

 firewall-cmd --reload

Check if the connection is using the new default zone:

 firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=em1
 firewall-cmd --zone=home --list-all
 

You can also set the default zone with firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=zone (no need to reload firewalld).