Features/VirtStorageManagement

Summary

Enable VM hosts to discover new SAN storage and issue NPIV operations.

Owner

• Name: Dave Allan
• Email: dallan at redhat dot com

Current status

• Targeted release: Fedora 12
• Last updated: 2009-08-05
• Percentage of completion: 100%

Detailed Description

Background

Guest virtual machines can currently use SAN storage, but administrators must do the storage configuration manually using separate tools from libvirt. This feature will permit administrators to discover storage and present it to virtual machines using libvirt.

Datacenter operations are usually split along functional lines: the server administration team, the SAN administration team, and others (network, etc.) not relevant to this discussion. Within the server admin group, there are often sub-groups for each OS. When a new application is deployed the SAN admins provision the storage and notify whichever OS team is responsible for the server to proceed with the OS install.

There may be more or less information transmitted from the SAN admins to the server admins when the storage becomes available. The minimal message is something along the lines of, "I've provisioned the LUNs, and you should be able to see them now. The LUNs are 27, 28, 29 and 53." The server admin may not know what targets or hosts the new storage is accessible through, but a rescan of all host adapters will show up new logical units of the size requested with numbers 27, 28, 29 and 53 on some target on some host, and the server admin assumes, usually reasonably, that these logical units are the new storage.

While libvirt is currently capable of using SAN storage, it lacks the ability to trigger scans for new storage and create virtual host adapters using NPIV. The OS admin team that manages the VM host must get involved to get the VM host to recognize the new storage. Giving libvirt the ability to manage storage allows the OS admin team responsible for the guest OS to complete the VM build out itself.

Implementation

The libvirt APIs already permit storage discovery and pool creation. These functions will be extended to discover and rescan storage on a per-SCSI-host basis. The node device APIs will be extended to create and destroy vitrual adapters using NPIV.

Benefit to Fedora

Administrators will be able to provision storage for VMs from the single set of tools that they are already using to manage the VMs.

Scope

As described above, changes are required in libvirt. Eventually the tools using libvirt will need to be updated to take advantage of the new features, but that is not within the scope of this work.

Completed

• SCSI storage discovery and rescan are complete.
• The creation and destruction of virtual HBAs using NPIV is complete.

How To Test

Use cases

Discover SAN storage

Provision a new logical unit on iSCSI or fibre channel storage. Use virsh to trigger a scan for it, and confirm that it appears correctly.

To discover logical units on a particular HBA, create a pool for that HBA using:

virsh pool-create hbapool.xml

where hbapool.xml contains:

<pool type="scsi">
  <name>host6</name>
  <source>
    <adapter name="host6"/>
  </source>
  <target>
    <path>/dev/disk/by-id</path>
  </target>
</pool>

Confirm that all the appropriate logical units are visible as volumes with:

virsh vol-list host6

After creating the pool, add a new logical unit on a target that's visible on that host and refresh the pool with:

virsh pool-refresh host6

and confirm that the new storage is visible. Note that the refresh code only scans for new LUs on existing targets and does not issue a LIP to discover new targets as that would be disruptive to I/O.

Create and destroy a virtual HBA with NPIV

Issue an NPIV create call and confirm that the VM host has instantiated a new host adapter and that any storage zoned to it is usable.

To create virtual HBAs using libvirt, it is of course necessary to have an NPIV capable HBA and switch. You can confirm that you have those by manually creating a new HBA by an echo into sysfs.

The file you echo into may be in one of two places, depending on which kernel version you have. On recent kernels it's in:

/sys/class/fc_host/hostN

on older kernels it's in:

/sys/class/scsi_host/hostN

Note also that the example WWN given below is bogus. If you try to use it, the kernel will reject it. You should pick a WWN that makes sense for your SAN.

For example on a recent kernel:

echo '1111222233334444:5555666677778888' > /sys/class/fc_host/host5/vport_create

where '1111222233334444:5555666677778888' is the WWPN:WWNN and host5 is the physical HBA you want to use to create the virtual HBA. If the create is successful, you'll get a new HBA in the system with the next available host number.

You can then destroy the test virtual HBA with:

echo '1111222233334444:5555666677778888' > /sys/class/fc_host/host5/vport_delete

Testing the libvirt API

The libvirt API implementation is intended to be used by client applications, but the functionality can be tested with virsh.

Creating a new virtual adapter using virsh is a two step process. First, find the node device name of the HBA that's going to be used to create the virtual adapter. You can get a list of all the HBAs on your system with:

virsh nodedev-list --cap=scsi_host

For example:

# virsh nodedev-list --cap=scsi_host
pci_10df_fe00_0_scsi_host
pci_10df_fe00_0_scsi_host_0
pci_10df_fe00_scsi_host
pci_10df_fe00_scsi_host_0
pci_10df_fe00_scsi_host_0_scsi_host
pci_10df_fe00_scsi_host_0_scsi_host_0

Dump the XML for each HBA until you find the host number of the physical HBA you want to use:

# virsh nodedev-dumpxml pci_10df_fe00_scsi_host
<device>
  <name>pci_10df_fe00_scsi_host</name>
  <parent>pci_10df_fe00</parent>
  <capability type='scsi_host'>
    <host>5</host>
    <capability type='fc_host'>
      <wwnn>20000000c9848140</wwnn>
      <wwpn>10000000c9848140</wwpn>
    </capability>
    <capability type='vport_ops' />
  </capability>
</device>

HBAs that are capable of creating virtual adapters will have a capability type='vport_ops'.

Once you know the node device name of the parent HBA, create a file containing XML describing the virtual HBA you want to create:

<device>
  <parent>pci_10df_fe00_0_scsi_host</parent>
  <capability type='scsi_host'>
    <capability type='fc_host'>
      <wwpn>1111222233334444</wwpn>
      <wwnn>5555666677778888</wwnn>
    </capability>
  </capability>
</device>

The parent element is the name of the parent HBA as listed by virsh nodedev-list. wwpn and wwnn are, as you would expect, the WWNN and WWPN for the virtual HBA to be created. Libvirt does not do any validation of the WWPN/WWNN; invalid WWNs are rejected by the kernel and libvirt reports the failure. The error reported by the kernel is somewhat misleading, however:

# virsh nodedev-create badwwn.xml
error: Failed to create node device from badwwn.xml
error: Write of '1111222233334444:5555666677778888' to '/sys/class/fc_host/host6/vport_create' during vport create/delete failed: No such file or directory

To create the new virtual HBA, feed the file to virsh:

virsh nodedev-create new.xml

If the operation succeeds, you'll get a message similar to:

# virsh nodedev-create dpa/newhost.xml
Node device pci_10df_fe00_0_scsi_host_0_scsi_host created from new.xml

and you will see the new HBA in the OS. The create command output gives you the node device name of the newly created device.

To destroy the device, use virsh nodedev-destroy:

# virsh nodedev-destroy pci_10df_fe00_0_scsi_host_0_scsi_host
Destroyed node device 'pci_10df_fe00_0_scsi_host_0_scsi_host'

and you will see the HBA disappear from the OS.

User Experience

See the previous section.

Dependencies

None, outside of the implementation efforts detailed above.

Contingency Plan

This functionality is independent of all other features. If it is not ready, administrators can continue to configure storage manually.

Documentation

• SCSI host storage discovery

Release Notes

This functionality adds the ability in libvirt to discover storage on a per-SCSI-host basis and issue NPIV operations. This enables administrators to discover, configure and provision storage for virtual machines without having to use multiple tools.

Comments and Discussion

• See Talk:Features/VirtStorageManagement