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(Updated for newer releases of Fedora, grammar edits)
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[[Category:Introduction to Fedora for Ubuntu users]]
<!-- If you notice any problems Ubuntu converts have with Fedora because it doesn't work like Ubuntu, please add them here! -->
<!-- If you notice any problems Ubuntu converts have with Fedora because it doesn't work like Ubuntu, please add them here! -->
= Introduction to Fedora for Ubuntu users =
= Introduction to Fedora for Ubuntu users =
Although looking familiar, Fedora does some things different than Ubuntu. This page tries to explain the major differences to Ubuntu in day-to-day use and introduce former Ubuntu users to the Fedora tools.
Although looking familiar, Fedora does some things different than Ubuntu. This page tries to explain the major differences to Ubuntu in day-to-day use and introduce former Ubuntu users to the Fedora tools.


== The root account ==
== The root account ==
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{{admon/tip|Using sudo|If you want to use sudo anyway, have a look at [[Configuring_Sudo]]}}
{{admon/tip|Using sudo|If you want to use sudo anyway, have a look at [[Configuring_Sudo]]}}


== Package Management ==
== Package Management ==
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! Ubuntu command !! Fedora command !! Notes
! Ubuntu command !! Fedora command !! Notes
|-
|-
| apt-get update || yum check-update || You don't need to do this as yum updates its cache automatically before performing transactions
| apt-get update || dnf check-update || You don't need to do this as dnf updates its cache automatically before performing transactions
|-
|-
| apt-get upgrade || yum update || -
| apt-get upgrade || yum dnf || -
|-
|-
| apt-get dist-upgrade || N/A || Distro upgrades with yum are possible, but not recommended. Use [[PreUpgrade]] instead
| apt-get dist-upgrade || dnf system-upgrade || Distro upgrades with dnf are possible as of Fedora 22+, see [[DNF system upgrade]] for more information
|-
|-
| apt-get install || yum install || -
| apt-get install || dnf install || -
|-
|-
| apt-get remove || yum remove || -
| apt-get remove || dnf remove || -
|-
|-
| apt-get purge || N/A || -
| apt-get purge || N/A || -
|-
|-
| apt-cache search || yum search || -
| apt-cache search || dnf search || -
|}
|}
=== Updating software ===
=== Updating software ===
If you want to keep your system updated, the PackageKit update applet will help you. It will notify you about updated packages and security updates. Its settings can be changed at ''System->Preferences->Software Updates''. If you want to update your system manually, open ''System->Administration->Software Update'' or run
If you want to keep your system updated, the PackageKit update applet will help you. It will notify you about updated packages and security updates. Its settings can be changed at ''System > Preferences > Software Updates''. If you want to update your system manually, open the ''GNOME Software'' application or run
<pre>yum update</pre> as <code>root</code>.
<pre>dnf update</pre> as <code>root</code>.
=== Installing/Removing software ===
 
If you want to install or remove software, open ''System->Administration->Add/Remove Software''. To install or uninstall packages, check or uncheck their check boxes.
=== Installing / Removing software ===
{{admon/note|Adding and removing at the same time|Note that the graphical frontend can't install and uninstall packages at the same time yet}}
If you want to install or remove software, open the ''GNOME Software'' application. To install or uninstall packages, hit their ''Install'' or ''Uninstall'' boxes.
 
For installing packages on the command line, simply type:
<pre>dnf install package1 package2 package3</pre>
 
For removing packages:
<pre>dnf remove package2</pre>


For installing packages on the command line, simply type
==== dnf shell ====
<pre>yum install package1 package2 package3</pre>
If you want to add and remove packages at the same time, or trigger mass transactions, like updating your system, then installing <code>firefox</code> and <code>emesene</code>, and then removing <code>pidgin</code>, you can use the dnf shell.
and for removing packages
 
<pre>yum remove package2</pre>
Open the yum shell (as <code>root</code>) with:
==== The yum shell ====
If you want to add and remove packages at the same time, or trigger mass transactions, like updating your system, then installing <code>firefox</code> and <code>emesene</code>, and then removing <code>pidgin</code>, you can use the yum shell.
Open the yum shell (as <code>root</code>) with
<pre>yum shell</pre>
<pre>yum shell</pre>
Then you can simply type
 
Once inside the shell, you can type dnf commands directly, such as:
<pre>
<pre>
update
update
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transaction run
transaction run
</pre>
</pre>
You can use any valid yum command in the yum shell. To see what it will do, type <pre>transaction list</pre>
 
and to accept the changes, type <pre>transaction run</pre>.
You can use any valid dnf command in the dnf shell. To see what it will do, type <pre>transaction list</pre>
For more information about the yum shell, have a look at the yum-shell manual page
 
<pre>man yum-shell</pre>
To accept the changes, type <pre>transaction run</pre>.
 
For more information about the dnf shell, have a look at the dnf-shell manual page.
<pre>man dnf-shell</pre>
 
 
=== Searching software ===
=== Searching software ===
You can search software in the graphical ''Add/Remove Software'' program by entering search terms in the search box, or on the command line by typing
You can search software in the graphical ''GNOME Software'' application by entering search terms in the search box or on the command line by typing
<pre>yum search searchterm1 searchterm2</pre>
<pre>dnf search searchterm1 searchterm2</pre>
 
 
=== Getting the restricted stuff ===
=== Getting the restricted stuff ===
If you are looking for the equivalent of the Ubuntu <code>restricted</code> and <code>multiverse</code> repositories, that include patented and closed source technologies and programs, consider enabling the [http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration RPMFusion repository]. '''free''' is the equivalent of <code>universe</code> and contains potentially patent-encumbered software like <code>gstreamer-plugins-bad</code> or the <code>VLC media player</code>
If you are looking for the equivalent of the Ubuntu <code>restricted</code> and <code>multiverse</code> repositories, that include patented and closed-source technologies and programs, consider enabling the [http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration RPMFusion repository]. '''free''' is the equivalent of <code>universe</code> and contains potentially patent-encumbered software like <code>gstreamer-plugins-bad</code> or the <code>VLC media player</code>
, '''nonfree''' includes non-free software like proprietary 3D graphics drivers.
, while '''nonfree''' includes non-free software like proprietary 3D graphics drivers.
 
These repositories can easily be enabled by typing (as <code>root</code>):
These repositories can easily be enabled by typing (as <code>root</code>):
<pre>su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm'</pre>
<pre>su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm'</pre>
{{admon/important|RPMFusion and the law|Using software from RPMFusion may be illegal in your country}}
{{admon/important|RPMFusion and the law|Using software from RPMFusion may be illegal in your country.}}
 


=== Using apt anyway ===
=== Using apt anyway ===
If you still like apt better than yum, you can also use apt on Fedora. Install apt with the following command:
If you still like apt better than dnf, you can also use apt on Fedora. Install apt with the following command:
<pre>yum install apt</pre>
<pre>dnf install apt</pre>
Note that apt won't be able to access the RPMFusion repositories. After that, you can use apt-get as usual (don't forget to log in as <code>root</code>)
 
Note that apt won't be able to access the RPMFusion repositories. After that, you can use apt-get as usual (don't forget to log in as <code>root</code>).
 
 


== Life cycle ==
== Life cycle ==
Unlike Ubuntus 18 months, Fedora only offers 13 months of updates per release. That means that you have to upgrade to the latest Fedora at least every second release. Fedora also doesn't offer a LTS version. Be sure that you're able to upgrade your system at least every 13 months. Regular Fedora releases happen every six months. If you want to know when the next Fedora is going to be released, have a look at the [[Releases/Schedule| Release Schedule]]
Unlike Ubuntu's 18 months, Fedora only offers 13 months of updates per release. That means that you have to upgrade to the latest Fedora at least every second release. Fedora also doesn't offer a LTS version. Regular Fedora releases happen every six months, but be sure that you're able to at least upgrade your system every 13 months. If you want to know when the next Fedora is going to be released, have a look at the [[Releases/Schedule| Release Schedule]].
 
 
[[Category:Introduction to Fedora for Ubuntu users]]

Revision as of 15:56, 8 October 2015


Introduction to Fedora for Ubuntu users

Although looking familiar, Fedora does some things different than Ubuntu. This page tries to explain the major differences to Ubuntu in day-to-day use and introduce former Ubuntu users to the Fedora tools.


The root account

The biggest difference for users coming from Ubuntu to Fedora is that sudo does not work. The root account is the account for the system admin. This account is disabled in Ubuntu. In Ubuntu, you perform actions that require root privileges using sudo. In Fedora, root access can be gained with

su

su will ask for your root password, not your regular user password. The root password is the password you entered while installing, not the password you entered when creating a user account after your first boot.

After you logged in successfully as root, you have administrative rights as long as you close the terminal or log out with

exit
Using sudo
If you want to use sudo anyway, have a look at Configuring_Sudo


Package Management

Fedora uses different tools for package management than Ubuntu. Here is a quick overview how to accomplish common tasks in Fedora:

Ubuntu command Fedora command Notes
apt-get update dnf check-update You don't need to do this as dnf updates its cache automatically before performing transactions
apt-get upgrade yum dnf -
apt-get dist-upgrade dnf system-upgrade Distro upgrades with dnf are possible as of Fedora 22+, see DNF system upgrade for more information
apt-get install dnf install -
apt-get remove dnf remove -
apt-get purge N/A -
apt-cache search dnf search -

Updating software

If you want to keep your system updated, the PackageKit update applet will help you. It will notify you about updated packages and security updates. Its settings can be changed at System > Preferences > Software Updates. If you want to update your system manually, open the GNOME Software application or run

dnf update

as root.

Installing / Removing software

If you want to install or remove software, open the GNOME Software application. To install or uninstall packages, hit their Install or Uninstall boxes.

For installing packages on the command line, simply type:

dnf install package1 package2 package3

For removing packages:

dnf remove package2

dnf shell

If you want to add and remove packages at the same time, or trigger mass transactions, like updating your system, then installing firefox and emesene, and then removing pidgin, you can use the dnf shell.

Open the yum shell (as root) with:

yum shell

Once inside the shell, you can type dnf commands directly, such as:

update
install firefox emesene
remove pidgin
transaction run

You can use any valid dnf command in the dnf shell. To see what it will do, type

transaction list

To accept the changes, type

transaction run

.

For more information about the dnf shell, have a look at the dnf-shell manual page.

man dnf-shell


Searching software

You can search software in the graphical GNOME Software application by entering search terms in the search box or on the command line by typing

dnf search searchterm1 searchterm2


Getting the restricted stuff

If you are looking for the equivalent of the Ubuntu restricted and multiverse repositories, that include patented and closed-source technologies and programs, consider enabling the RPMFusion repository. free is the equivalent of universe and contains potentially patent-encumbered software like gstreamer-plugins-bad or the VLC media player , while nonfree includes non-free software like proprietary 3D graphics drivers.

These repositories can easily be enabled by typing (as root):

su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm'
RPMFusion and the law
Using software from RPMFusion may be illegal in your country.


Using apt anyway

If you still like apt better than dnf, you can also use apt on Fedora. Install apt with the following command:

dnf install apt

Note that apt won't be able to access the RPMFusion repositories. After that, you can use apt-get as usual (don't forget to log in as root).


Life cycle

Unlike Ubuntu's 18 months, Fedora only offers 13 months of updates per release. That means that you have to upgrade to the latest Fedora at least every second release. Fedora also doesn't offer a LTS version. Regular Fedora releases happen every six months, but be sure that you're able to at least upgrade your system every 13 months. If you want to know when the next Fedora is going to be released, have a look at the Release Schedule.