Docs/Drafts/SELinux User Guide/SELinux Feedback

Feedback and Suggestions

Feel free to add any suggestions or corrections here. Thanks :)

• Is SELinux enabled by default on Debian? If not, link to appropriate information (<http://wiki.debian.org/SELinux>)
• Is system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t required for all SugarCRM files?

(07:46:36 AM) domg472: chcon is not good
(07:46:51 AM) domg472: if you have access to semanage use semanage
(07:47:00 AM) domg472: it is persistent
(07:47:17 AM) domg472: after relabel it will be still there
(07:47:26 AM) domg472: unlike chcons
(07:47:37 AM) domg472: chcon is for unprivileged users

Wiki feedback from domg472:

Explain newrole versus sudo to: transition user domain.

in f10 selinux-policy-targeted newrole is no longer encouraged to be used for domain transitions.
 in policy mls it is still used (but mls is not common)

sudo allows root privileges without actually knowing the root password.

su with newrole still requires a user to enter a root password to gain root privileges.

not needing a root password anymore is a big advantage! 

---

from the wiki:
SELinux and virtualization (relabeling images if images are not in /etc/xen/). 

this is not a domain specific issue. customized types. the solution should be man virt_selinux 
or man xen_selinux like man httpd_selinux. however there is no man xen_selinux yet etc.
this may no longer be an issue in fedora 10 , virt is working on a solution to be implemented in f10

---

make sure to use proper selinux terminology consequent  in an effort to keep it simple.

subject object, security context, domain types, file types, port types, security level, categories, 
domain transition, executable file types, domain, application domain, user domain, init daemon, 
classes, attributes, scontext, tcontext, access vector cache, type enforcement, multi level security, 
multi category security. 

---

from the wiki:
Mounting:

• Do mount points need to be mnt_t? 

boolean mount_any_file. this is also kind of a customized type issue. 
use semanage boolean -l to list all booleans and their explanation. for example:

/usr/sbin/semanage boolean -l | grep mount

sh-3.2# /usr/sbin/semanage boolean -l | grep mount
allow_mount_anyfile            -> off   Allow the mount command to mount 
                                        any directory or file.
xguest_mount_media             -> off   Allow xguest users to mount removable media

consideration: you should consider to not mention get,setsebool. 
semanage also provides this functionality. keep it simple

---

from the wiki:
mislabeled files, relabeled but still problems, touch /.autorelabel (Dans journal). 
aplain how touch /.autorelabel && reboot relates to fixfiles relabel

---

different policies:
first there was strict and optional mls (for dod). strict was in fedora2. it was 
introduced too soon. users were too restricted. targeted was introduced to avoid 
restriction on users.unconfined domain is a domain exempted fro m most selinux policy. 
unconfined is a property of targeted policy. targeted policy only targets a select group. 
strict targets everything on a system. targeted plus multi category security (mcs) which
 is a (poor) implementation of confidentiality(its discretionary users can chcat aslong 
as they are member of the cat. mcs  in policy mls is part of security level. in policy 
mls, mcs is mandatory.mls is strict plus BLP, plus MCS, plus MLS. strict no longer 
maintained, merged with targeted. (strict plus unconfined domain) if you remove the 
unconfined domain then you use what use to be strict. at the moment there are two 
selinux policy models maintained: policy targeted and policy-mls. mls aims to enforces confidentiality BLP.

Suggestions from domg472:

Basic access control models ( DAC , MAC ) ( not so basic MDAC )

explain discretionary

explain the dac model attributes: user group permission bits

explain why dac acl is not sufficient. example privilege escalation

explain the mac model attributes: security context

explain mandatory

explain that MAC is ACL layer on top of the DAC ACL layer

explain Type enforcement

explain Role Based AC

explain Multi Level Security

Explain Multi Category/Compartment Security



compare a selinux system to a submarine with compartments. if one compartment has a leak, 
the water will be contained to that compartment and will not be able to spread ( escalate) . submarine will not sink



Security context / SELinux attributes



explain the security context tuple and how to read it (explain the fields)

explain user ( which SELinux user (group) created the object? )

explain type is the attribute for type enforcement (TE)

explain role is the attribute for role enforcement (RBAC)

explain security level is the attribute for security level enforcement (MLS)

explain categories/compartments is the attribute for security level enforcement or category/compartment enforcement (MLS or MCS)



Subjects and objects ( processes and "files" )



explain that everything in a system is a object

explain that even subjects in a system are represented as objects in proc mountpoint

explain subjects and objects

explain subjects are processes (ps auxZ)

explain objects are "files" (ls -alZ)

- file objects ( files , lnk files, dirs, fifo files, sock files etc)

- port objects

- interface objects

- node objects

- objects available by other programs ACE access control extension: XACE, sepostgesql, SEDBUS, mscd, etc.

- explain object is a class defined in kernel :process :file :tcp_socket

example of a class: process. example of a class: file

explain domain type is the attribute of a process ( user_t is (user) domain type/attribute of "user"

explain object type is the attribute of a object or "file". do not mistake files with file objects/file types. a "file" is 
any object 

explain that a object type can never be a scontext ( source context ) in a avc denail

explain that processes (subjects) generally operate on files (objects)

explain that processes (subjects) also operate on other processes (subjects) example: process ( sigchld ) if a user
 processes spawns a program process.

explain that "files" ( objects ) do not operate. they get operated on by subjects ( processes )

explain permissions that define how to operate on subjects and objects ( classes ) are defined in the kernel and are attributes of classes

explain classes and their attributes are static defined in kernel: 

- example of a file object class and its attributes:

+ file read

+ dir write

+ lnk_file getattr

- example of a subject class and its attributes:

+ process sigchld

- example of a object available by other programs ACL

+ dbus send_msg

explain that although classes and their attributes are defined in the kernel, that one can assign "types" to 
subjects and objects, and that one can define policy for these types can interact using the object classes 
and their attributes supplied by the kernel.



example:



scontext/domain type/subject  |  tcontext/file type/object   |   "object" class      |  "object" permissions/attributes

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

user_t                        |  user_home_t                 |   dir                 |  getattr

httpd_t                       |  httpd_sys_content_ra_t      |   file                |  read

user_t                        |  mozilla_t                   |   process             |  sigchld

user_t                        |  self                        |   process             |  transition

mozilla_t                     |  httpd_port_t                |   tcp_socket          |  connect

unconfined_t                  |  cupsd_t                     |   dbus                |  send_msg





How to find out if selinux is supported /enabled:

supported?: http://domg444.blogspot.com/2007/11/how-to-determine-if-our-system-supports.html

enabled?: getenforce /selinux/config sestatus



explain selinux framework and selinux policy. explain the selinux framework is responsible for enforcing policy.

explain the access vector cache.

perruse selinux packages ( rpm -ql ) and discuss important locations : /etc/selinux , /selinux



How to disable SELinux: i refer to dwalsh blog. some highlights selinux=0 , enforcing=0, setenforce 0, 
system-config-selinux, semanage



system-config-selinux is a GUI for semanage. semanage is THE central managing point for SELinux administration:

label file objects ( semanage fcontect -a)

label port objects ( semanage port -a) etc

explain each optipn of semanage and system-config-selinux: label interfaces, set booleans, add , modify, delete selinux user (groups) and SELinux logins.

explain translation ( requires mcstransd )

explain what mcstransd does

explain what restorecond does

explain auditd connection to selinux ( explain ausearch /auctl )



show some pratical examples for managing users. add a unconfined user , add a confined user , 
add a staff users, assign mcs categories to user (ranges)

create custom selinux user groups

create custom selinux logins



explain booleans

explain customizable types

mention manual pages for targeted daemons.



explain audit2allow

explain audit2why

explain sesearch and how you can use this to make decisions

explain semodule, sestatus , restorecon , semanage, setenforce , getenforce

explain limitations of chcon

explain advantage of chcon

explain chcat



explain selinux-policy-devel ( /usr/share/selinux/devel/Makefile )

show example how to make a custom policy module

explain the limitations of a policy module package

explain the advantages of a policy module package



explain role base access control and derrived types.



explain star and selinux tar support (exmaples)



important: Possible problems caused from running in permissive mode, such as having permissions to mislabel files. 

important: Copying Vs moving files. 



explain avc denials field by field.

explain advantage and limitation of sealert/setroublehoot and how this relates to audit.



explain file_t, unlabeled_t

explain initrc_t

explain unconfined_t

explain sepolgen and gui



explain why /tmp will not be relabled: http://domg444.blogspot.com/2007/11/why-files-with-incompatible-types-in.html



read selinux by example book



explain the MLS vs TARGETED

explain mcs role in targetted versus mcs role in mls

dependencies and selinux-policy by domg472:

SELinux policy and dependencies.

A policy module has 3 files. Here is the explaination of the 3 files.

mydomain.te (.te) (type enforcement file) it has PRIVATE policy for the "mydomain" policy module.

mydomain.if (.if) (interface file) it has PUBLIC policy for the "mydomain" policy module.

mydomain.fc (.fc) (file context file) it has file contexts for the "mydomain" policy module.

The type enforcement file.

This file has private policy. Policy that is, in my example, related to "mydomain"

for example, you might find a rule like this in the mydomain.te file:
apache_read_user_content(mydomain_t)

This policy was provided by apache.if to "mydomain". You can look it up in the apache.if file. 
It is really a template or interface with rules for how to read apaches user content. 
We are using (instantiating) that interface that apache policy module provides in it's 
apache.if file, in our mydomain.te file.

Let us refer to interfaces and templates as blocks of public policy. Public policy blocks 
should be prefixed by the policy module name of the domain that facilitates it in it's .if (interface file).

for example, just by looking at the following interface call in mydomain.te i know: 
1. which module provided the interface 2. where to roughly find it. 3. where to find what 
policy te interface provides. 4. which domain instantiates the block of public policy:

alsa_read_rw_config(mydomain_t)

1. provided by the alsa policy module. 
2. can be found in alsa.if
3. Summary: Read alsa writable config files

allow $1 alsa_etc_rw_t:dir list_dir_perms;
read_files_pattern($1,alsa_etc_rw_t,alsa_etc_rw_t)
read_lnk_files_pattern($1,alsa_etc_rw_t,alsa_etc_rw_t)

4. this policy is instantiated by mydomain_t domain.

So you can easily from looking at a .te file know the modules dependencies by 
parsing each called interface prefix. as each called interface is prefixed by the domain 
that made it available in its interface file.

important note regarding public policy.

creating a quick policy module package(.pp) can be very handy for implementing 
quick policy. but it is also limited.

to compile policy one need selinux-devel. it has development files for each module that 
is used by the compiler to see if the policy that we want to compile is valid.

when you compile and install a seperate policy package with semodule -i mydomain.pp for example. 
there will not be a devel package installed.

interfaces files are therefore rendered useless for seperate policy module packages. for the 
reason that other modules will not be able too instantiate any public policy for that  module.

the reason is that when you try to compile your module that has a call to a public policy block 
of a module that was installed with semodule, the compiler will nnot find that interface/ template 
in its devel files because non were installed!

This is important to know!
do you want to develop and implement much policy, then do not use policy module packages with 
semodule but instead integrate your module into the selinux-policy source provided upstream, 
rebuild it and reinstall it.

by rebuilding selinux-policy, a new selinux-policy-devel package is created. this selinux-policy-devel 
package DOES include the public policy for the domain that you integrated and thus is usable as 
opposed to using a .pp with semodule.

<http://domg472.blogspot.com/2008/05/how-to-create-integrate-and-rebuild.html>