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=== I have an older Fedora release.  Can I upgrade my existing installation? ===
=== Ho una versione di Fedora precedente.  Posso aggiornare la mia installazione esistente? ===


Yes. For more information on upgrading options, refer to the [[DistributionUpgrades]] page:
Si. Per maggiori informazioni sulle opzioni di aggiornamento, fai riferimento alla pagina [[DistributionUpgrades]].


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== Help ==
== Help ==


Revision as of 14:01, 1 March 2009

Frequently Asked Questions

La versione in lingua originale di questo documento viene mantenuta da Rahul Sundaram. La traduzione in italiano è a cura del team di localizzazione italiano. Per avere qualsiasi tipo di feedback o dare suggerimenti sentiti libero di contattarci o modificare direttamente la pagina discussione sulla wiki.

Come per qualunque altra distribuzione Linux, riceviamo un sacco di domande e richieste di aiuto. Alcune domande ricorrono regolarmente, e cerchiamo di rispondere a queste FAQ ("Frequently Asked Questions", domande poste frequentemente) in questa pagina. Potresti essere anche interessato a leggere la pagina FedoraMyths, in cui vengono svelati in dettaglio i fatti alle spalle di alcuni miti che sono nati nei riguardi di Fedora. Se questa FAQ non risponde alla tue domande, fai riferimento alle Risorse Fedora elencate a fondo pagina.

Primi passi

Perchè dovrei usare Fedora?

Dovresti usare Fedora perchè è la migliore e più aggiornata collezione di software robusti, liberi e open source. L'Anteprima spiega nel dettaglio molti dei punti di forza di Fedora.

Dove posso ottenere Fedora? Posso ridistribuire Fedora o creare opere derivate usandola come base?

Puoi scaricare, usare e ridistribuire Fedora e noi ti incoraggiamo vivamente a farlo. Le licenze libere e open source (come la GPL) cui sono sottoposti i codici sorgente ti permettono di distribuire e modificare Fedora, tuttavia qualsiasi uso deve essere compatibile con le linee guida del Trademark Fedora. Maggiori dettagli sono disponibili alla pagina Distribuzione.

Il mio hardware è compatibile con Fedora?

Linux è in grado di supportare qualunque classe di componente o periferica. Fedora include tutti i driver resi disponibili dai progetti responsabili del supporto hardware Linux. Il processo di installazione di Fedora riconosce automaticamente tutto l'hadrware compatibile sul tuo computer.

Alcuni specifici prodotti hardware non sono ancora supportati da Linux, o richiedono driver proprietari resi disponibili dai produttori. Se Fedora non riconosce automaticamente un dispositivo, potresti dover installare driver o firmware addizionali.

Connessioni di rete
Le connessioni di rete con modem o dispositivi wireless richiedono configurazioni aggiuntive dopo che il processo di installazione è completato. Fai riferimento alla domanda sulle connessioni di rete per maggiori informazioni.

I seguenti siti web danno informazioni più dettagliate (in lingua inglese) sul supporto Linux a vari tipologie di hardware:

Le Note di Rilascio di Fedora documentano problemi noti con alcuni specifici modelli di dispositivo:

Per altre informazioni sulle politiche hardware di Fedora, fai riferimento alla domanda sulla certificazione hardware.

Come si installa Fedora?

Fedora rende disponibile un sistema di installazione molto amichevole, con interfaccia utente sia grafica che testuale. Leggi la Guida di Installazione Fedora per una spiegazione passo-passo:

Usare Fedora

Come si configurano le connessioni di rete? Qual è il supporto di Fedora alle connessioni wireless?

Per impostazione predefinita, Fedora configura le schede di rete sul tuo computer perchè determinino automaticamente le impostazioni di rete attraverso DHCP. Se il tuo computer è connesso a una rete via cavo o ad un router DSL, non sono necessarie altre configurazioni.

Per altri tipi di connessione, puoi utilizzare Network Manager, installato e abilitato per impostazione predefinita su Fedora (9,10,11). Questo nuovo sistema permette di configurare automaticamente le impostazioni di rete, anche quelle wireless e VPN. I computer portatili possono commutare in modo trasparente tra differenti connessioni di rete usando NetworkManager.

Fedora inoltre contiene il programma system-config-network, che permette di configurare manualmente la grande maggioranza delle opzioni di rete. Per eseguire system-config-network, apri la voce di menu Sistema > Amministrazione > Rete.

How do I install new software on Fedora? Is there anything like APT?

The yum utility helps you manage the software on your system. The yum utility accesses Web sites, known as repositories, to download and install the latest versions of software packages. Fedora systems also include a graphical interface to yum, which appears on the Main Menu under Applications > Add/Remove Software.

Fedora 9 release includes nearly 10000 packages.

Refer to this page for more information on yum:

Apt is also in Fedora repository but not as the default package manager. See the APT page for details:

Come tengo aggiornato il mio sistema Fedora?

Fedora (9-10-11) include PackageKit, che ti notifica automaticamente sul desktop quando ci sono aggiornamenti disponibili. Per eseguire manualmente un aggiornamento di Fedora, apri il menu Sistema > Amministrazione > Aggiornamento sistema. Questo strumento effettua tutti gli aggiornamenti software disponibili nei repositori di yum.

Per lanciare un aggiornamento completo dalla linea di comando, digita il seguente comando al prompt: 

su -c 'yum update'

Digita la password dell'utente root quando richiesta.

Fedora può mantenersi aggiornata automaticamente?

Si, sebbene l'aggiornamento automatico non sia la scelta più indicata per ogni tipo di sistema. Fai riferimento a Aggiornamenti automatici per maggiori dettagli su quando e come usare questa funzionalità sul tuo sistema Fedora. Puoi impostare le opzioni preferite alla voce di menu Sistema > Preferenze > Sistema > Aggiornamenti software.

How can I get notices of new software releases?

Fedora 9 includes PackageKit to automatically inform you whenever updates are available. To receive notification of new and updated software as it is made available, you may subscribe to either the announcements mailing list, or the RSS feeds:

Other major announcements can be received by subscribing to the Fedora Project announcements mailing list

Does Yum or Add/Remove programs (PackageKit) support installing from CD/DVD media?

Support for this is work in progress in PackageKit. Refer to the PackageKit FAQ for more details. For using media as a yum repository, refer to http://www.city-fan.org/tips/SubsetRepositories.

Perchè Fedora non supporta i formati proprietari come MP3 o MPEG?

I formati MP3 e MPEG sono vincolati da brevetti, e i proprietari di tali brevetti non hanno rilasciato queste tecnologie sotto licenze compatibili con i requisiti di Fedora.

Fedora include e supporta solamente il software libero ed open source. Le tecnologie coperte da diritti d'autore o vincolate da restrizioni imposte da brevetti non vengono incorporate in Fedora. Per altre informazioni sul supporto al multimedia in Fedora, in particolare sul supporto ai formati MP3 e MPEG, fai riferimento alla sezione Multimedia.

Perchè Fedora non supporta la riproduzione di DVD video?

I formati DVD video sono vincolati da brevetti, e i proprietari di tali brevetti non hanno rilasciato queste tecnologie sotto licenze compatibili con i requisiti di Fedora. Inoltre molti DVD video contengono una tecnologia di protezione contro la copia, per cui il codice necessario per la riproduzione di questi video potrebbe violare il Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), una legge degli Stati Uniti sul diritto di autore.

Fedora include e supporta solamente il software libero ed open source. Le tecnologie coperte da diritti d'autore o vincolate da restrizioni imposte da brevetti non vengono incorporate in Fedora. Per altre informazioni sul supporto al multimedia in Fedora, in particolare sul supporto ai formati DVD video, fai riferimento alla sezione Multimedia.

Perchè Fedora non include programmi proprietari come Adobe Acrobat Reader, Adobe Flash Player o RealPlayer?

Fedora include e supporta solamente il software libero ed open source. Nessun programma proprietario viene incluso in Fedora. Molti di questi programmi sono disponibili per Fedora, e sei libero di scaricarli da un altro fornitore software e installarli. Per maggiori informazioni, visita la pagina ForbiddenItems.

Fedora supporta Java?

Si. Fedora contiene OpenJDK che è una versione di Java della Sun sotto licenza libera ed open source. Fai riferimento alla nostra pagina JavaFAQ per maggiori informazioni su Java e Fedora.

What is SELinux, and where can I read more about it?

Fedora is the first mainstream operating system in the world to provide a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) security system by default, using the SELinux framework. The SELinux configuration in Fedora provides enhanced security by restricting the privileges of processes running on a Fedora system. These restrictions drastically reduce the impact of security vulnerabilities, since services have only limited access to the rest of the system. SELinux in Fedora also has a 'strict' policy, which is useful for very security-sensitive environments. There are other security systems enabled through the SELinux framework, such as MLS, MCS and RBAC.

Refer to the following document for more information on the SELinux implementation in Fedora:

What is Virtualization? Where can I learn about using it?

Fedora includes extensive support for virtualization. This enables multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on the same machine with little reduction in overall performance. Each operating system is allocated some of the resources of the host computer. Administrators may also move a running operating system between machines without disrupting or shutting down services.

The Virtualization page can help you get started.

Quando è previsto il prossimo rilascio di Fedora? Cos'è il calendario dei rilasci?

Visita la pagina Fedora Project Releases Schedule.

Quanto dura il periodo di manutenzione per ogni rilascio di Fedora?

Il Fedora Project mantiene ogni singola release di Fedora fino al mese seguente il rilascio di due versioni successive. Il ciclo di vita dei rilasci di Fedora viene descritto più dettagliatamente alla pagina LifeCycle.

Dove posso trovare informazioni sugli aggiornamenti di sicurezza di Fedora?

Visita la pagina Fedora Security Advisories.

What is the errata or updates policy for The Fedora Project?

Security updates, bugfix updates, and new feature updates will all be available, through Red Hat and third parties. Updates may be staged (first made available for public qualification, then later for general consumption) when appropriate. In drastic cases, we may remove a package from The Fedora Project if we judge that a necessary security update is too problematic/disruptive to the larger goals of the project. Availability of updates should not be misconstrued as support for anything other than continued development and innovation of the code base. Some updates that are too disruptive to include in a general release will be made available only in the development branch and included in the subsequent general release. Merely continuing to update won't lead to a next release and you need to explicitly do a distribution upgrade if desired. Updates are available for every release for the period denoted in the LifeCycle page.

Red Hat will not be providing an SLA (Service Level Agreement) for resolution times for updates for The Fedora Project. Security updates will take priority. For packages maintained by external parties, Red Hat may respond to security holes by deprecating packages if the external maintainers do not provide updates in a reasonable time. Users who want support, or maintenance according to an SLA, may purchase the appropriate Red Hat Enterprise Linux product for their use.

Ho una versione di Fedora precedente. Posso aggiornare la mia installazione esistente?

Si. Per maggiori informazioni sulle opzioni di aggiornamento, fai riferimento alla pagina DistributionUpgrades.

Help

Where can I find help?

You can find documentation and get help through forums, IRC, or mailing lists from others in the Fedora community. See the Communicate page for more information:

Please do not contact Fedora developers directly, or use the special developer channels, for end-user support. The developers are very busy writing and maintaining Fedora software and do not have much spare time for these issues.

I hear all of these terms that are unfamiliar, what do they mean?

For definitions to many of the most common terms, refer to the Glossary .

Where can I report bugs or request features for software packages existing in Fedora?

Refer to the BugsAndFeatureRequests page for guidance on this.

Where I can learn more about security features and status in Fedora? How do I report a security bug?

Refer to the Security page for all of this information.

I'm experiencing a problem, and I think it might be my hardware. Where should I look?

Check the HardwareProblems page before posting bugs that might be known hardware problems.

Where can I request a newer version of a package in Fedora?

File a request in http://bugzilla.redhat.com against the particular package you would like to have a update. Providing more details on why you want that particular update would be useful information for the package maintainers.


I have a question that isn't in this list. Where else can I find help?

See the links for Fedora Resources at the bottom of this page.

Can I donate to the Fedora Project?

Yes, you can donate your time to Fedora Project by contributing to Fedora, free and open source software. You can also donate money but that requires a bit more creativity! Refer Contribute more details.

About Fedora

What is Fedora?

Fedora is a Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest in free and open source software. Fedora is always free for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built by people across the globe who work together as a community: the Fedora Project. The Fedora Project is open and anyone is welcome to join. The Fedora Project is out front for you, leading the advancement of free, open software and content.


What are the objectives of Fedora?

Why a project instead of a product?

A global steering committee at Red Hat decided that Red Hat Linux was suffering from too many compromises as a retail product, and that the company should redirect efforts toward creating a community-based project. Rather than being subject to retail product delivery schedules, Fedora is released on schedules set by a decision-making process that is open, and influenced by the community.

What are the primary benefits of this change?

Changing the product to a project will:

  • Ensure that users can get the latest bits as quickly as possible.
  • Create new opportunities for developers and users to participate in The Fedora Project development by opening up the full development process for anyone to see and join if they'd like.
  • Allow us to use The Fedora Project to develop and mature the latest, greatest technologies.
  • Speed up the development process, taking better advantage of the inherent strengths of the open source model.

Will Red Hat provide formal technical support for The Fedora Project?

No, no formal Web or phone support for The Fedora Project will be available from Red Hat. Red Hat's supported product line will be based in part on Fedora, and our development will be done externally as part of The Fedora Project as much as possible. Each new release of our supported products will be based in part on a recent release of Fedora.

How will The Fedora Project be made available to the public?

Fedora releases will be available as ISO images for both CDs and DVDs, and will also be available through other channels such as third-party online sales of physical media; distribution at Linux User Groups, included in magazines and in books, and maybe even handed out at trade shows. The bits may be actively pushed into content sharing networks such as BitTorrent. (Not all mechanisms will be used for each release, except that ISOs will be freely available for each release.)

Will Fedora be sold in retail?

Fedora will not be sold through the retail channel as a shrinkwrapped box. There is no list price for Fedora. The rapid development pace we expect for Fedora doesn't suit retail distribution — it is a lot of work to get a box product in and out of the channel, and retail isn't set up to efficiently handle software that is updated as often as every six months. Also, the creation of packaging and other materials that are necessary for retail significantly slows down the time to market, which means that users can't get the freshest bits when they are still truly fresh. Further information on Red Hat's retail product line is available at the Red Hat website.

What is the difference between "Fedora Distribution", "The Fedora Project", and "Fedora"?

The Fedora Project is a collection of sub-projects. Fedora Distribution is the central project, which aims to provide a platform with the best in free and open source software. Fedora generally refers to the Fedora Project as a whole, and is sometimes used to refer to Fedora or a system running a collection of software from the Fedora Project.

Whom can I contact in the individual Fedora sub-projects?

Try the project's mailing list first, which gives the project leads and other community members the chance to help you. You can find information for the various projects on the Communicate page.

How is the Fedora Project organized and governed?

The Fedora Project is managed by a board of community members and Red Hat employees, with Red Hat providing significant funding and other services such as bandwidth and hosting, broad direction, engineering, and marketing.

The Fedora Project is a collection of many smaller projects , working together to produce the platform and build the supporting community. These different sub-projects are independent of one another, but work together to achieve common goals and coordinate efforts.

Each of the sub-projects has leads or a Steering Committee to organize and guide that project's development. The Fedora Project operates as a meritocracy , where responsibility and power are granted based upon ability and effort. The people who lead Fedora are selected because they have proven they are willing and able to do so.

What kind of project management method does each Fedora sub-project use?

Each project has either leads or a Steering Committee to guide it. Individual contributors are given a great deal of freedom to work on whatever they choose, but they are asked to follow the guidance from the project's committee for processes and approval for new initiatives.

Like other responsibilities in the Fedora Project, committee membership is based largely upon merit, but all voices are welcome, and new ideas and opinions will be given due attention. Innovating and leading new ideas is a great way to earn recognition within the community.

Contributors can join committee members in regular IRC meetings. The meetings are open, and minutes are made publicly available and usually posted to the appropriate mailing list. Raw IRC logs are also sometimes available.

Most sub-projects keep a schedule of tasks on this wiki. Check the Projects page for links to individual sub-project pages. From those individual pages, you can find all of the available information for that project.

Does the Fedora Project assign tasks to contributors, or do the contributors decide what to do?

Interested volunteers are encouraged to take up the tasks they would like to contribute towards. You can avoid redundant tasks by posting to the relevant project list and coordinating with other interested community members. If you're not sure where you want to contribute, see the join page for different areas that can use your help. The Fedora Mentors project can guide you if you need further help.

Is there a partnership program between schools or non-profits and Fedora?

Not at present. If you have any ideas or suggestions to create such a program, please bring it to the attention of Fedora Marketing . Interested schools and non-profits are welcome to join us for discussions.

Is there a partnership program between LUGs and Fedora?

We attempt to work with Linux User Groups in whatever ways we can. Our list of LUG contacts is on our LinuxUserGroups page. If you would like to represent your LUG, please add your LUG to that list. We also encourage our Ambassadors to engage their local LUGs.

Can schools and non-profits reference the "Fedora Project" name and other Fedora marks if they are interacting with the Fedora community?

Yes, as long as they make it clear whether or not they are representing the Project. If they would like to represent the Project, they can approach and coordinate with the Fedora Marketing team. This and other uses of Fedora marks are subject to the terms of the Trademark Guidelines .

Is there a certification program for third-party applications running on Fedora?

No. The Fedora Project is dedicated to providing the best in free and open source software. Fedora leads in open solutions, and is developed with a rapid release cycle. Fedora Package Collection allows a vast array of additional Free and open source solutions to be contributed by the community and maintained for Fedora. Beyond these projects, the Fedora Project does not certify any third-party applications.

Formal ISV certification is available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux, which shares many of Fedora's features, but is provided on a longer release cycle and is commercially supported for 7 years.


Is there a certification program for hardware that works with Fedora?

Fedora runs on a large variety of hardware, and the list of working hardware is constantly growing larger. Because Fedora improvements occur very rapidly and consistently, including hardware support, a Hardware Compatibility List was deemed too time-consuming and not worthwhile. Alternative methods of tracking working hardware have been suggested, but the consensus is that manually maintaining a complete list is unfeasible.

We are collecting hardware information directly from the users anonymously in a opt-in method, through the smolt project. We are always trying to find ways to improve Fedora's hardware support, and welcome constructive feedback.

A compatibility list is maintained for Red Hat Enterprise Linux at http://bugzilla.redhat.com/hcl. It will closely parallel Fedora's compatibility.

Is the Fedora Project independent of Red Hat, Inc.?

The Fedora Project is a community project, separate from Red Hat, but Red Hat sponsors the Fedora Project and provides a great deal of valuable management and resources to the Fedora Project. Red Hat uses the material that the Fedora Project produces to develop its enterprise platform offerings. Red Hat has a strong interest in Fedora, and the success of the Fedora Project has been thanks to the great contributions of Red Hat.

What is the relationship between Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux?

Permalink

Fedora is upstream and forms the base of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Refer to the following link for additional details:

For Fedora Contributors

Why should I help?

Your name in lights, an online CV, and maybe a trip to a FUDCon.

First, contribute to Fedora and you may get your name in the distribution. Hey, fair is fair.

Second, if you're a Fedora contributor, you don't need a fancy resume; you can just tell potential employers to 'Google' your name.

Third, top Fedora contributors can receive travel stipends to attend the Fedora Users and Developers Conference nearest them. You will have the opportunity to meet some of the giants of the open source movement in person, as their peers and equals.

And last, you'd be playing with this stuff anyway. Spend your time doing stuff that you will enjoy and that others will use. What more incentive do you need? Join us.

I'm interested in contributing to Fedora, where can I get started?

Refer to our join page to learn where help is needed and how to get going. You might also be interested in our Mentors program.

What are some interesting new project ideas that are important to Fedora?

See the FedoraBounties page for project ideas important to Fedora.

How can I package software for Fedora users? Where can I find information for contributing to Fedora Package Collection?

The Package Maintainers category will point you to all kinds of help.

Where can I find information for contributing to the Fedora Documentation Project?

Some good links for help can be found on the DocsProject page.

Where else can I find answers?

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