From Fedora Project Wiki
The RPM Package Manager (RPM) is a powerful command line driven package management system capable of installing, uninstalling, verifying, querying, and updating computer software packages. Each software package consists of an archive of files along with information about the package like its version, a description, dependencies and other metadata.
RPM is a low level utility and end users generally use yum or a graphical utility that interfaces with yum instead of using RPM directly. Refer to Package_management_system for more details.