Proposed new Java page. See this "discussion" for the rationale.
Java
Java is about:
- Communities: the https://www.jcp.org/ to define the platform, but also User Groups https://community.oracle.com/community/java/jug
- Platforms (JVM, JRE ...) to run applications on PC, mobiles, embedded devices https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(software_platform)
- Programming languages (Java is the most popular, but there are Scala, Groovy, Clojure ...) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)
- If you came here because an application ask for Java (or JRE, JVM) to be installed, then simply install
java-1.8.0-openjdk - If it still does not work or the application ask specifically for Oracle Java: See here Oracle version.
- If you want to develop, code, on the Java Platform: See User:Brunovernay/Java/Development. (Careful to change the link for production)
JRE JDK JVM JSE ...
Some vocabulary:
- JRE Java Runtime Environment. Required to run Java code and applications. Install
- JVM Java Virtual Machine. Main component of the JRE.
- JDK Java Development Kit. Required only for development, coding.
- SDK Software Development Kit. idem JDK
- OpenJDK Open Source project behind the Java Platform http://openjdk.java.net/.
- IcedTea is a support project for OpenJDK (concern only developers) http://icedtea.classpath.org/
- JSE,J2SE, JEE ... obsolete acronyms for Java Standard & Enterprise Edition. JavaSE is like JRE.
Multiple implementations
Fedora provides the Free 
java-1.8.0-openjdk
The Java Community Process defines the specifications of the platform that many implements (IBM J9, Jikes, Zing, Zulu Dalvik ...). We will only focus on Oracle here.
Multiple implementations can be installed side-by-side without interfering:
- The [alternative] system allows to switch from one to another.
- An application can directly reference a specific Java installation
- Some applications include a java platform, it is then transparent for the user. (But the package is bigger.)
Oracle version
Some applications still ask for Oracle's implementation. It is mostly based on the OpenJDK Open Source project, but there is proprietary code and Fedora does not package non-free software.
Oracle provides the RPM packages: https://java.com/en/download/help/linux_rpm.xml
...
Switching alternatives
Switching is done using the Alternatives system (also used to change some other subsystems). Java's subsystem name is surprisingly java and typical commands include:
# alternatives --display java
# alternatives --config java
See alternative's own documentation for more information for usage and parts involved.
Should be noted that JRE implementations installed outside Fedora distribution, may not support alternatives and thus not be visible there. Then the symbolic links under directory /etc/alternatives must be manually fixed.
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Packaging:Alternatives
Java packages in Fedora
There are many aliases for OpenJDK package, see http://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/cgit/rpms/java-1.8.0-openjdk.git/tree/java-1.8.0-openjdk.spec or do
dnf repoquery --provides java-1.8.0-openjdk
.
You can use any of the following names:
- java
- java-1.8.0
- java-1.8.0-openjdk
- java-openjdk
- jre
- jre-1.8.0
- jre-1.8.0-openjdk
- jre-openjdk
dnf install java-1.8.0-openjdk
might be the most safe (until 1.8 is EOL.)
For debugging or development, there are
- java-devel
- java-src
- java-javadoc
- openjfx (JavaFX)
- openjfx-devel
- openjfx-javadoc
- openjfx-src
???
- JavaFX (?) JavaFX is supposed to be merged in Java 8. Why is there a specific package??
(Useful here ????)
Communicate
You can subscribe to java-devel list or talk to us in #fedora-java Freenode IRC channel. Read Communicate page for more information.
See Also