This page contains information explaining how to upgrade Fedora using yum.
Upgrading Fedora using yum directly
The recommended installation method is with a boot media with the Anaconda installer as detailed in the Installation Guide or use PreUpgrade. PreUpgrade is a slightly different upgrade method where all the packages are downloaded before the system is rebooted into the Anaconda installer. Although upgrades with yum do work, they are not explicitly tested as part of the release process by the Fedora QA and are not documented in the Fedora installation guide. If you are not prepared to resolve issues on your own if things break, you should probably use the recommended installation methods instead.
When upgrading with yum you don't get any help from Anaconda, but with a typical system it might be able to upgrade systems remotely over ssh and with limited downtime. (You will still need to reboot to get the new kernel and system libraries/services running).
A live upgrade with yum usually works well with a typical installation and when following the advice below.
Participate
If you are upgrading using Yum and it shows any general dependency issues, please file them in http://bugzilla.redhat.com. But please read this page, all references pages and search the mailing list archives before filing bugs. And of course, please help keep this page updated.
If you want to help make live upgrades work smoothly, join the Live Upgrade Special Interest Group.
Instructions to upgrade using yum
1. Back up your system
Back up any personal data to an external hard drive or to another machine. If there is some unrecoverable error that requires a fresh install, you don't want to lose any data.
2. Read about common problems
Further down in this page there is a list of common problems for specific versions. Some of them require attention before the upgrade.
General advice on upgrading Fedora can be found on the Upgrading page. You should also read the Installation Guide and Release Notes for the version you plan to upgrade to - they contain important information regarding upgrading issues. Finally, check the list of Common bugs.
3. Clean Stuff
Review and remove all .rpmsave and .rpmnew files before and after upgrading. (And if you have selinux enabled then remember to check security context if you move config files around.)
Merge and resolve the changes found by the following script:
yum install rpmconf; rpmconf -a
Now find and remove old config which nobody owns: find /etc /var -name '*.rpm?*'Now is a good time to remove packages you don't use - especially non-standard packages.
You can find packages not required by other packages with the tool
package-cleanup from the yum-utils package: yum install yum-utils; package-cleanup --leaves. These packages could be candidates for removal, but check to see whether you use them directly or if they are used by applications not backed by rpm packages. Remove them with yum remove package-name-and-version.Another useful tool for cleaning up unused packages is
rpmreaper. It's an ncurses application that lets you view rpm dependency graph and mark packages for deletion. Marking one package can make other packages leaf, which you can see immediately, so you don't have to run the tool several times to get rid of whole sub-tree of unused packages. Install with: yum install rpmreaper.You can find orphaned packages (ie packages not in the repositories anymore) with:
package-cleanup --orphans. This will also show packages which have been partially uninstalled but where the "%postun" script failed.4. Do the upgrade
If you have 3rd party repositories configured, you may need to adjust them for the new Fedora version. If you switch from one Fedora release to another there is often nothing that needs to be done. If you switch to Rawhide from a standard Fedora release (or vice versa) then most of the time you will need to install the Rawhide release RPMs from the 3rd party repository as well (or the standard ones, if switching back).
Note that the upgrade is likely to fail if there are outdated dependencies from packages not backed by a yum repository or backed by a repository which isn't ready for the new version.
It is a good idea to do the upgrade outside the graphical environment. Log out of your graphical desktop and then
Go to a text console
ctrl + alt + F2
(or)
log in as root, and go into runlevel 3
init 3
Update yum to latest version available in your Fedora version
yum update yum
Install the new fedora gpg key for the version you are updating to
Keys you may find and verify at
https://fedoraproject.org/keys
or see a version specific update instructions at the bottom.
Clean the cache
Then remove all traces of the version you are leaving from the yum cache in /var/cache/yum.
yum clean all
Upgrade all packages
yum --releasever=<release_number_you_want_to_sync_to> distro-sync
Note: While it is recommended to upgrade to intermediate releases if upgrading from an older release (for example upgrading from Fedora 12 to 13, then 13 to 14), depending on what version you are upgrading from, this step may fail with an error about GPG keys being in the wrong format. To overcome this, you can add the "--nogpgcheck" switch to the above yum distro-sync command.
5. Make sure Fedora is upgraded
Distro-sync will usually take care of upgrades for the third party repositories you have enabled as well. Confirm with
yum repolist
after the upgrade process is over. yum might complain about conflicts or requirements. That is probably because you have used non-standard repositories or installed non-standard packages manually. Try to guess which packages cause the problem (or at least is a part of the dependency chain) - uninstall them and try again. Remember to install the packages again if they are essential.
Ensure that all (new) essential packages from the new version are installed with
yum groupupdate Base
You might want to update other groups too, see
yum grouplist
For example
yum groupupdate "GNOME Desktop Environment" \ "Development Tools" "Server Configuration Tools" \ "Hardware Support" "Sound and Video" \ "Graphical Internet" "Fonts" \ "Games and Entertainment" "Printing Software" \ "Administration Tools" "Office/Productivity" "System Tools"
6. Preparing for reboot
Before booting you should usually install the bootloader from your new grub by running
/sbin/grub-install BOOTDEVICE
- where BOOTDEVICE is usually /dev/sda (If you get an error '/dev/sda does not have any corresponding BIOS drive' from that, then try /sbin/grub-install --recheck /dev/sda). For Fedora 16 and later, use /sbin/grub2-install instead of /sbin/grub-install. See below first for important information about upgrading to Fedora 16 from prior releases.
Also, the order of init scripts could have changed from the previous version. A command to reset the order is:
cd /etc/rc.d/init.d; for f in *; do /sbin/chkconfig $f resetpriorities; done
Again, run package-cleanup --orphans to find packages that haven't been upgraded.
Version specific notes
From pre-release
If you are upgrading to a final release from an alpha, beta, preview, or other Rawhide release, please see Upgrading from pre-release to final.
To development version
yum update yum yum --releasever=rawhide distro-sync --skip-broken --nogpgcheck
Fedora 15 -> Fedora 16
First install the new fedora 16 gpg key. You may wish to verify this package against https://fedoraproject.org/keys and the fedora ssl certificate.
rpm --import https://fedoraproject.org/static/A82BA4B7.txt
Upgrade all packages with
yum update yum yum clean all yum --releasever=16 --disableplugin=presto distro-sync
After the upgrade, you will have the
grub2
grub-efi packages installed and the grub package removed. However, grub will still be installed to the MBR and booting should still work. You can follow the instructions below to switch to grub2 if you choose. If installed, the firstaidkit-plugin-grub package may prevent the upgrade; do simply remove that package if that is the case.If your system uses a BIOS, or you installed Fedora via BIOS emulation mode on an EFI system (not native EFI mode), you can switch to Fedora 16's supported grub2 bootloader with the following instructions. If your system was installed by native EFI boot, do not switch to grub2, as its EFI support is still unreliable. Fedora 16's supported bootloader for native EFI installations is still grub-legacy, so you should simply continue to use the system without making any special changes to the bootloader configuration.
To switch to grub2, run the command su -c '/sbin/grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg', then proceed as described above with reinstalling the bootloader.
Known issue:
- Bug 743022 - F15->F16 yum update fails with IMSM (BIOS) raid
Fedora 14 -> Fedora 15
First install the new fedora 15 gpg key. You may wish to verify this package against https://fedoraproject.org/keys and the fedora ssl certificate.
rpm --import https://fedoraproject.org/static/069C8460.txt
Upgrade all packages with
yum update yum yum clean all yum --releasever=15 --disableplugin=presto distro-sync
- Do not run this from within an X terminal. Testing shows that X might hang while updating bitmap font packages.
- There exist .drpms, but they don't match, due to a format change, so better disable the presto plugin by adding the option "--disableplugin=presto" (without quotes) when running yum.
- The F15
screenclient is not capable of attaching to F14screensessions. Thus, if you want to run the upgrade underscreen, you should either upgradescreenitself in a separate operation or make a separate copy ofscreento use throughout the process.
VirtualBox guest upgrades
The steps above work perfectly for upgrading a Fedora 14 guest to Fedora 15, but you also need to remove the Guest Additions. If you forget, F14 -> F15 upgrades will seem to fail after the first reboot. If that happens, log in to the console with CTRL+ALT+F2 and reinstall the guest additions manually:
mount /dev/cdrom /media # if /dev/cdrom does not exist, try: # mount /dev/sr0 /media /bin/sh /media/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run reboot
Fedora 13 -> Fedora 14
First install the new fedora 14 gpg key. You may wish to verify this package against https://fedoraproject.org/keys and the fedora ssl certificate.
rpm --import https://fedoraproject.org/static/97A1071F.txt
Upgrade all packages with
yum update yum yum clean all yum --releasever=14 distro-sync
- If using VirtualBox from the Oracle repository, you must remove the VirtualBox-3.1 package before upgrading. After the upgrade is finished, install VirtualBox-3.2.
If you are running SELinux you may be locked out of your machine and required to boot to single user mode to fix up your machine. Redhat bug 702865 describes a fix as:
setenforce 0yum remove selinux-policy selinux-policy-targetedrm -rf /etc/selinux/targeted
If, after upgrading you want selinux back:
yum install selinux-policy selinux-policy-targetedfixfiles restorereboot
Upgrading from legacy end of life (EOL) Fedoras
Upgrading from older versions of Fedora is archived here: Upgrading from EOL Fedora using yum