Introduction to Fedora for Ubuntu users
Although looking familiar, Fedora does some things different than Ubuntu. This page tries to explain the major differences to Ubuntu in day-to-day use and introduce former Ubuntu users to the Fedora tools.
The root account
The biggest difference for users coming from Ubuntu to Fedora is that sudo does not work.
The root account is the account for the system admin. This account is disabled in Ubuntu. In Ubuntu, you perform actions that require root privileges using sudo.
In Fedora, root access can be gained with
su
su will ask for your root password, not your regular user password. The root password is the password you entered while installing, not the password you entered when creating a user account after your first boot.
After you logged in successfully as root, you have administrative rights as long as you close the terminal or log out with
exit
If you want to use sudo anyway, have a look at Configuring_Sudo
Package Management
Fedora uses different tools for package management than Ubuntu. Here is a quick overview how to accomplish common tasks in Fedora:
| Ubuntu command | Fedora command | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| apt-get update | yum check-update | You don't need to do this as yum updates its cache automatically before performing transactions |
| apt-get upgrade | yum update | - |
| apt-get dist-upgrade | N/A | Distro upgrades with yum are possible, but not recommended. Use PreUpgrade instead |
| apt-get install | yum install | - |
| apt-get remove | yum remove | - |
| apt-get purge | N/A | - |
| apt-cache search | yum search | - |
Updating software
If you want to keep your system updated, the PackageKit update applet will help you. It will notify you about updated packages and security updates. Its settings can be changed at System->Preferences->Software Updates. If you want to update your system manually, open System->Administration->Software Update or run
yum update
as root.
Installing/Removing software
If you want to install or remove software, open System->Administration->Add/Remove Software. To install or uninstall packages, check or uncheck their check boxes.
Note that the graphical frontend can't install and uninstall packages at the same time yet
For installing packages on the command line, simply type
yum install package1 package2 package3
and for removing packages
yum remove package2
The yum shell
If you want to add and remove packages at the same time, or trigger mass transactions, like updating your system, then installing firefox and emesene, and then removing pidgin, you can use the yum shell.
Open the yum shell (as root) with
yum shell
Then you can simply type
update install firefox emesene remove pidgin transaction run
You can use any valid yum command in the yum shell. To see what it will do, type
transaction list
and to accept the changes, type
transaction run
.
For more information about the yum shell, have a look at the yum-shell manual page
man yum-shell
Searching software
You can search software in the graphical Add/Remove Software program by entering search terms in the search box, or on the command line by typing
yum search searchterm1 searchterm2
Getting the restricted stuff
If you are looking for the equivalent of the Ubuntu restricted and multiverse repositories, that include patented and closed source technologies and programs, consider enabling the RPMFusion repository. free is the equivalent of universe and contains potentially patent-encumbered software like gstreamer-plugins-bad or the VLC media player
, nonfree includes non-free software like proprietary 3D graphics drivers.
These repositories can easily be enabled by typing (as root):
su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm'
Using software from RPMFusion may be illegal in your country
Using apt anyway
If you still like apt better than yum, you can also use apt on Fedora. Install apt with the following command:
yum install apt
Note that apt won't be able to access the RPMFusion repositories. After that, you can use apt-get as usual (don't forget to log in as root)
Life cycle
Unlike Ubuntus 18 months, Fedora only offers 13 months of updates per release. That means that you have to upgrade to the latest Fedora at least every second release. Fedora also doesn't offer a LTS version. Be sure that you're able to upgrade your system at least every 13 months. Regular Fedora releases happen every six months. If you want to know when the next Fedora is going to be released, have a look at the Release Schedule