Tiering
Fedora mirror servers use Tiering, whereby a select few fast mirrors get read access to the master rsync servers, and all the other mirrors pull from those mirrors.
It turns out, 9 of our 10 Tier 1 mirrors are available over Internet2. And, over half of our total mirrors are reachable over Internet2. So, let's make use of that whereever we can.
For our purposes, define:
- master: The Fedora-owned servers dl.fedoraproject.org and download-i2.fedoraproject.org
- Tier 1: The fast mirrors which pull from a master mirror.
- Tier 2: The mirrors that pull from the Tier 1 servers.
Properties of Tier 1 mirrors:
- Limit the number of Tier 1 mirrors, to ensure adequate bandwidth for these. Adjust number up or down depending on capability of the masters.
- Must carry everything under fedora-enchilada and fedora-epel. This allows Tier 2 mirrors to exclude what they wish, but get everything if they so wish. This means at least 1TB of disk space for the Fedora portion of this server.
- Must have a 1 Gigabit connection to the Internet, or faster.
- Must have an active, available, responsive mirror administrator during the days content is staged.
- Must have at least 2 Internet2-connected Tier 1 mirrors.
- Must have at least 1 Tier 1 mirror on each continent for which we have Tier 2 mirrors
- Must serve private rsync (see below for configuration)
Master Mirrors
- dl0[12345].fedoraproject.org, in Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- dl.fedoraproject.org is a DNS round-robin to dl[12345].
- download.fedora.redhat.com is also a DNS round-robin to dl0[12345].
- download-i2.fedoraproject.org in Raleigh, NC, USA (Internet2, NLR, and those reachable over NLR only) This is the preferred master mirror for downstreams reachable on Internet2.
- download-i2.fedora.redhat.com is also a DNS round-robin to download-i2.
Master Mirror rsync modules
The master mirrors provide two additional rsync modules which provide pre-bitflip content. Fedora tiered mirrors should use these modules to be able to get pre-bitflip content.
| module name | content |
| fedora-enchilada0 | Everything under /pub/fedora/, including pre-bitflip content |
| fedora-epel0 | Everything under /pub/epel, including pre-bitflip content (even though EPEL doesn't do bitflips |
Tier 1 Mirrors
Tier 1 mirrors pull from one of the master mirrors.
| Server | Comment | Contact for ACL |
| fedora-archives.ibiblio.org | Internet2 / National Lamba Rail (NLR) connected hosts. | <fedora-admin@ibiblio.org> No ACLs - open for syncing. |
| archive.linux.duke.edu | Internet2. Uses ACL from MirrorManager database. | Drew Stinnett <drew.stinnett at duke.edu> (spacepope on IRC) |
| kernel.org | mirrors1.kernel.org, mirrors2.kernel.org - USx2, mirrors3.kernel.org - NL, mirrors4.kernel.org - SE Do not sync from mirrors.kernel.org, choose one of the ones above and use that. |
<ftpadmin at kernel.org> |
| wpi.edu | IPv6-connected or Internet2-connected mirrors only | Chuck Anderson <cra at wpi.edu> |
| rsync.hrz.tu-chemnitz.de | rsync.hrz.tu-chemnitz.de::fedora-enchilada/. Uses ACL from MirrorManager database . | guenther.fischer at hrz.tu-chemnitz.de |
| fedora-rsync.ftp.pub.2iij.net | rsync://fedora-rsync.ftp.pub.2iij.net/fedora-enchilada | mirror-contact at iij.ad.jp |
| sunsite.mff.cuni.cz | ||
| ftp.heanet.ie | IPv6 and Internet2 connectivity. ftp.heanet.ie::fedora-enchilada, ftp.heanet.ie::fedora-epel | mirrors at heanet.ie |
| mirror.speedpartner.de | IPv4 and IPv6 | mirror at speedpartner.de |
| fedora.c3sl.ufpr.br | South America | Carlos Carvalho carlos at fisica.ufpr.br |
| ftp.linux.cz | Czech Republic, Europe | ftp-admin at fi.muni.cz |
| mirror.gtlib.gatech.edu | fedora-enchilada and fedora-epel | Neil Bright neil.bright at oit.gatech.edu |
Tier 1 Rsync configuration
Below is an example rsyncd.conf file for a Tier 1 mirror that provides private rsync access to select downstream Tier 2 mirrors. You may do this via either IP or DNS-based access control, or by a shared username/password which you give to your selected Tier 2 mirrors directly.
The key to this is that the Tier 1 mirror rsyncs content using a user account (e.g. mirror used below), and you serve content to Tier 2 mirrors using a private rsync module that runs as that same user account, while providing public non-authenticated rsync using the nobody account. In this way, Tier 2 mirrors may obtain content before the permissions are made world readable.
use chroot = yes
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
dont compress = *.gz *.tgz *.zip *.z *.rpm *.deb *.bz2 *.iso *.ogg *.ogv *.tbz
exclude = .snapshot/ .~tmp~/ /.private/ /.private/** **/.nfs*
ignore nonreadable = yes
list = true
read only = yes
refuse options = checksum
[ fedora-enchilada ]
comment = Fedora - The whole enchilada
path = /srv/pub/fedora
[ fedora-epel ]
comment = Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux
path = /srv/pub/epel
##
## The following are not seen and are limited by IP.
##
[fedora-enchilada0]
comment = Fedora Enchilada for Tier0|1 Mirrors
path = /srv/pub/fedora/
list = no
uid = mirror
gid = mirror
hosts allow = (IP or DNS address) ...
[fedora-epel0]
comment = Fedora EPEL for Tier0|1 Mirrors
path = /srv/pub/epel/
list = no
uid = mirror
gid = mirror
hosts allow = (IP or DNS address) ...