AppData files
If a package contains a GUI application, then it SHOULD also install a .appdata.xml file into %{_datadir}/appdata/. Installed .appdata.xml files MUST follow the AppData specification page, and they must correctly validate using appdata-validate --relax.
.appdata.xml file creation
If the package doesn't already include and install its own .appdata.xml file, you can make your own and sending it upstream. Benefits of sending the file upstream is that upstream can translate the file using the existing translation resources and can also modify the screenshots and descriptions as the application changes over time. You can do this by including a .appdata.xml file you create as a Source: (e.g. Source3: %{name}.appdata.xml) or generating it in the spec file. Here is the contents of a sample .appdata.xml file (comical.appdata.xml):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Copyright 2014 Richard Hughes <richard@hughsie.com> -->
<application>
<id type="desktop">comical.desktop</id>
<metadata_license>CC0</metadata_license>
<project_license>GPL-2.0+ and GFDL-1.3</project_license>
<name>Comical</name>
<summary>A Comic Archive Reader</summary>
<summary xml:lang="fr">Un Comic Archive Lecteur</fr>
<description>
<p>
Comical is an easy to use and cross-platform CBR and CBZ reader which
prefetches and caches pages for speed.
</p>
<p xml:lang="fr">
Comical est une CBR et CBZ lecteur facile à utiliser et
multi-plateforme qui prélectures et caches pages pour la vitesse.
</p>
<p>
Resized images are crisp, and you can view pages one or two at a time.
Comical is open-source, so feel free to contribute new features!
</p>
<p xml:lang="fr">
Images redimensionnées sont nettes, et vous pouvez voir une ou deux pages à la fois.
Comical est open-source, alors n'hésitez pas à apporter de nouvelles fonctionnalités!
</p>
</description>
<screenshots>
<screenshot type="default">http://comical.sourceforge.net/images/comical-0.5-linux.jpg</screenshot>
<screenshot>http://comical.sourceforge.net/images/comical-0.6-win32.jpg</screenshot>
</screenshots>
<url type="homepage">http://comical.sourceforge.net/</url>
<updatecontact>richard_at_hughsie.com</updatecontact>
</application>
The AppData file MUST be named with the same root as the .desktop file, so if the .desktop file is named org.gnome.SomeApp.desktop then the AppData file MUST be called org.gnome.SomeApp.appdata.xml.
app-data-validate usage
Although you can just include the .appdata.xml file in the package, you MUST run appdata-validate --relax (in %check or %install) and have BuildRequires: libappstream-glib, to help ensure .appdata.xml file safety and spec-compliance. Here are some examples of usage:
appstream-util validate-relax --nonet %{buildroot}/%{_datadir}/appdata/*.appdata.xml