From Fedora Project Wiki

This page shows you how to build a Fedora ISO image you can use for testing. The examples reference the Fedora Rawhide repository, but the same instructions apply for any release of Fedora. The tutorial requires that you open a root shell. To access a root shell, open a terminal and run the command su -, and provide the root password.

Setup

For the duration of the build process, wwitch your system to SELinux permissive mode: 

sudo setenforce 0

In order to create Fedora ISO images, you must use a Fedora release that matches the release of the desired ISO images. For example, to create Fedora Rawhide images, you need to be running Fedora Rawhide. The examples in this document use mock to simulate the target environment and create ISO images. If you already have a system available running the target release, the use of mock is not required.

  1. First, install the necessary packages 
    dnf install mock
  2. Adjust the mock configuration to allow bind mounts needed to support compose image generation. Add the following lines to the appropriate mock configuration. For example, for Fedora Rawhide, update /etc/mock/fedora-rawhide-x86_64.cfg to include the following: 
    config_opts['plugin_conf']['bind_mount_enable'] = True
config_opts['plugin_conf']['bind_mount_opts']['dirs'].append(('/dev','/dev/'))
config_opts['plugin_conf']['bind_mount_opts']['dirs'].append(('/dev/pts','/dev/pts/'))
config_opts['plugin_conf']['bind_mount_opts']['dirs'].append(('/dev/shm','/dev/shm/'))
  3. Initialize the mock chroot 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --init
    Behind the scenes...
    Mock does a lot of work behind the scenes. If you want to see what commands it's running in the chroot, add the --verbose option.
  4. Prepare the mock chroot for running pungi by installing packages into the chroot 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --install spin-kickstarts pungi ${EDITOR:-vi}

Create a local mirror (optional)

This section is optional. You can use a nearby official Fedora mirror over a broadband connection. However, you may find it useful to mirror Rawhide locally if you regularly participate in testing. Note that the mirrormanager package may be useful in some situations. Refer to the detailed MirrorManager page for more information.

  1. If you don't have Rawhide available on a fast, local link, you may want to mirror it locally using rsync. Find a nearby mirror at http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org 
    mkdir -p /var/www/fedora/linux/development/$(uname -m)/os
cd /var/www/fedora/linux/development/$(uname -m)/os
rsync -Pavy --delete-after <MIRROR_NEAR_YOU>::/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/$(uname -m)/os/ .
  2. In the mock chroot, edit the kickstart configuration file used by pungi. 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --shell ${EDITOR:-vi} /usr/share/spin-kickstarts/fedora-install-fedora.ks
  3. Remove (or comment out) the existing repo --name=fedora line and add a new entry for the local mirror. Using the example above, you would end up with ... 
    repo --name=fedora --baseurl=file:///var/www/fedora/linux/development/$basearch/os
  4. When finished, save your changes and exit the chroot by pressing Ctrl-D or typing logout

Build a boot.iso

This section assumes you have installed the mock package and prepared the mock chroot as suggested in #Setup. If you haven't completed those steps, please do so now. This section provides instruction on creating PXEboot and boot.iso images only. To create an installable -DVD.iso image, see #Build_a_DVD_ISO.

Option a) Using pungi

pungi is what Fedora Release Engineering uses when creating an install image.

  1. Activate a shell inside the mock chroot 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --shell
  2. Next, create a DVD (this may take a while) 
    pungi --nosource --nodebuginfo -G -C -B \
  --flavor Fedora --name Fedora --ver rawhide \
  -c /usr/share/spin-kickstarts/fedora-install-fedora.ks
  3. If the previous command completed without errors, you now have PXEboot images and a boot.iso available in your chroot. Exit the mock shell, and copy the ISO image out of the chroot. 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --copyout /rawhide/Fedora/$(uname -m)/os/images/boot.iso /tmp/

Option b) Using lorax

lorax allows you to create the install image quicker without all of the pungi overhead.

The lorax command is: 

sudo lorax -p Fedora -v 37 -r 37 --repo=/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo --repo=/etc/yum.repos.d/side.repo --rootfs-size 3 ./results

where 37 is the Fedora version for which you want to create the image. side.repo is a repository containing extra packages you want to include on top of standard stable packages, must be created beforehand. ./results is a results directory which must not exist when running the command.


Build a DVD.iso

This section assumes you have installed the mock package and prepared the mock chroot as suggested in #Setup. If you haven't completed those steps, please do so now.

  1. Activate a shell inside the mock chroot 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --shell
  2. Next, create a DVD (this may take a while) 
    pungi --nosource --nodebuginfo \
  --flavor Fedora --name Fedora --ver rawhide \
  -c /usr/share/spin-kickstarts/fedora-install-fedora.ks
    Save time ...
    If you already followed the steps in #Build_a_boot.iso, you can save time by instructing pungi to only build the -DVD.iso image. When running the pungi command above, add the -I parameter to only build the ISO files, and to skip the previously executed steps.
  3. If the previous command completed without errors, you now have a DVD ISO image in your chroot. Before proceeding, validate the ISO images using the sha256sum command 
    cd /rawhide/Fedora/$(uname -m)/iso
sha256sum -c Fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m)-CHECKSUM
  4. Exit the mock shell, and copy the ISO image out of the chroot and have fun ... 
    mock -r fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m) --copyout /rawhide/Fedora/$(uname -m)/iso/Fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m)-DVD.iso /tmp/

Build process teardown

Don't forget to switch your system back to SELinux enforcing mode after the build is complete: 

sudo setenforce 1

Testing a release candidate

As indicated in the release engineering schedule, special candidate ISO images are made available for QA at the dl.fedoraproject.org staging site. You can simply download a release candidate from this site. Depending on your transfer speeds, you may have to wait a while to complete the download.

One solution is to use the rsync command to upgrade your local Fedora DVD ISO image to match the remote image. The assumes you have already built or downloaded a Fedora DVD ISO image, and the contents of your image are reasonably close to the state of the remote ISO image.

After running rsync, the resulting DVD ISO image can be verified as identical using the sha256sum command.

  1. Get the official file name of the DVD from the mirror. Note the directory location and the file name.
  2. Rename your local DVD ISO image to match the file name used on the remote location. 
    mv Fedora-rawhide-$(uname -m)-DVD.iso Fedora-16-$(uname -m)-DVD.iso
  3. Use rsync to download the required bits to match your DVD to the original. The switches below deliver stats as you download, and effectively minimize the amount of downloading. Note that the location shown is an example only. 
    rsync -Pavy dl.fedoraproject.org::fedora-stage/16-Final.RC1/Fedora/$(uname -m)/iso/Fedora-16-$(uname -m)-DVD.iso .
  4. Use the sha256sum command to test the image for integrity. The resulting checksum should be identical to that shown in the *-CHECKSUM file that accompanies the image on the staging site. 
    sha256sum Fedora-16-x86_64-DVD.iso

References

  1. For additional information on using pungi, see the Pungi documentation.
  2. For additional information on using mock, see Projects/Mock.
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