Panduan Pelokalan Fedora (SEDANG DILENGKAPI)
Pendahuluan
This guide is a fast, simple, step-by-step set of instructions for translating Fedora Project software and documents. You may find some FAQ at the end of the page.
If you find a typographical error in this manual, or if you have thought of a way to make this manual better, please feel free to either edit the page directly or simply send an email to the Fedora Localization Project mailing list. If you have a suggestion for improving the documentation, try to be as specific as possible when describing it. If you have found an error, please include the section number and some of the surrounding text so we can find it easily.
The website of the Fedora Localization Project is https://fedora.transifex.com/.
Mencari Bantuan
Jika Anda memiliki pertanyaan, kirimkan lah ke mailing list trans, atau mintalah bantuan melalui, di #l10n:fedoraproject.org(other clients|?).
Anda dapat menjumpai banyak informasi dalam Transifex di: http://help.transifex.com/.
Menjadi Penerjemah Fedora
Untuk memulainya Anda perlu mendaftar dan telah diberikan akses ke materi yang akan Anda kerjakan:
- Membuat Akun Transifex
- Berlangganan Mailing List
- Memperkenalkan Diri Anda
- Bergabung dengan Tim Penerjemah Fedora
Memperkenalkan diri Anda adalah hal yang penting. Ini akan meningkatkan kemungkinan Anda diterima untuk diberi akses tulis. Anda mungkin juga ingin membuat akun Bugzilla agar dapat menyelesaikan bug yang dilaporkan oleh para pengguna.
Mulai menggunakan Transifex
Fedora menggunakan Transifex untuk mengelola alur kerja pelokalan. Langkah-langkah ini akan memandu Anda membuat akun Transifex dan bergabung dengan tim Anda.
Membuat Akun Transifex
- Kunjungi https://fedora.transifex.com/ dan klik "Register" yang ada di pojok kanan atas
- Isi formulir dan klik Register! Anda dapat menggunakan email Fedora Anda atau email yang sama dengan yang Anda pergunakan saat membuat akun Fedora. Pilihlah kata sandi yang baik (seperti yang sudah dijelaskan di atas). Meski kata sandi ini dapat direset jika Anda lupa.
- Periksa email Anda. Anda akan menerima email untuk memverifikasi alamat email Anda. Akan ada tautan di dalamnya — kliklah tautan tersebut!
- Anda seharusnya sekarang dapat masuk ke Transifex menggunakan kata sandi Anda.
Bergabung dengan Tim Penerjemah Fedora
- Kunjungi halaman Tim Fedora di https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/fedora/teams/.
- Jika bahasa yang Anda pilih sudah ada di sana, klik bahasa tersebut.
- Anda seharusnya melihat daftar anggota, pemimpin (koordinator). Klik "Join this team" untuk meminta persetujuan bergabung dengan tim.
- Pemimpin tim akan menerima notifikasi tentang permintaan Anda. Ia akan memeriksa informasi Anda, dan memeriksa apakah Anda telah memperkenalkan diri Anda.
- Jika semuanya berjalan lancar, pengelola akan menerima permintaan Anda, dan Anda akan menerima notifikasi.
Hal ini mungkin akan memakan waktu beberapa jam atau hari. Jika sudah terlalu lama, klik nama pengelola di Transifex dan kirim kembali pesan ke dirinya untuk meminta informasi lebih lanjut.
Berlangganan Mailing List
- Kunjungi trans dan mendaftarlah ke mailing list utama penerjemah.
- Tunggu email konfirmasi yang berisi tautan untuk mengkonfirmasi pendaftaran Anda. Klik tautan tersebut untuk mengkonfirmasi pendaftaran Anda.
Periksa https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/L10N/Teams untuk melihat apakah ada mailing list khusus untuk bahasa Anda. Jika ada, mendaftarlah juga ke milis tersebut.
Memperkenalkan Diri Anda
- Buat halaman personal di https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/User:NamaAnda. Hal ini sangat berguna bagi para kontributor Fedora untuk mengenal dan berhubungan satu sama lainnya. Anda perlu untuk membuat akun Fedora agar dapat membuat halaman personal tersebut.
- Tulis pengenalan singkat tentang diri Anda ke mailing list trans dan ke mailing list tim lokal Anda sesuai panduan dari https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/L10N_Self_introduction/id. Harap diingat untuk menyertakan nama pengguna FAS dan bahasa yang akan Anda terjemahkan. Dengan informasi ini, pemimpin tim bahasa Anda dapat mengenali Anda dan menyetujui Anda sebagai penerjemah untuk bergabung dalam timnya.
Membuat Akun Bugzilla
Jika Anda diminta untuk menggunakan Bugzilla, buat akun dengan mengunjungi https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/createaccount.cgi.
Membuat Akun Fedora
Langkah-langkah di bawah ini memandu Anda untuk membuat akun Fedora.
Mengajukan Akun
- Untuk mendaftarkan akun Fedora, pertama-tama kunjungi https://admin.fedoraproject.org/accounts dan pilih Akun Baru.
- Isi Namaakun, Nama Lengkap dan Surel, dan klik Daftar!. Kata sandi Anda akan disurelkan ke Anda.
- Kembalilah ke https://admin.fedoraproject.org/accounts dan masuklah menggunakan kata sandi Anda. Halaman selamat datang akan ditampilkan, dan akan mengingatkan Anda bahwa CLA masih belum lengkap.
- Kolom Nomor Telpon dan Alamat Pos juga perlu diisi untuk penandatanganan CLA. Informasi ini TIDAK dapat diakses oleh lainnya kecuali grup admin. Silakan mengacu pada Fedora Privacy Policy di https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:PrivacyPolicy.
- Kolom-kolom lainnya akan ditampilkan ke anggota yang lain saat mengunjungi halaman pengguna.
- Sekarang klik Simpan! Yang ada di bawah halaman ini untuk menyimpan informasi Anda.
Menandatangani CLA
Anda harus melengkapi Contributors License Agreement, atau CLA.
- Kunjungi https://admin.fedoraproject.org/accounts dan masukkan akun Anda menggunakan nama akun dan kata sandi yang telah Anda terima dari proses sebelumnya.
- Di halaman Selamat Datang, klik Lengkapi CLA atau pergilah ke https://admin.fedoraproject.org/accounts/user/edit.
- Jika informasi nomor telpon dan alamat pos belum tersedia, akan muncul halaman Edit Akun (nama_akun). Sebaliknya halaman Fedora Contributor License Agreement akan ditampilkan. Bacalah persetujuan ini baik-baik dan klik Saya setuju jika Anda menyetujuinya.
- Halaman user-view akan muncul dan menampilkan kolom CLA: sebagai CLA Done.
Menerjemahkan
The translatable part of a software package is available in one or more PO files. Some projects might use other file formats as well, such as QT TS ones. These files may be maintained in any of a number of version control systems (VCSs) depending on the project, such as Subversion, Mercurial, and git. They may be hosted on either fedorahosted.org or other systems.
This chapter explains how to translate the projects which use Transifex to manage their L10n workflow. Translators can work on the web interface or the command-line to obtain and submit files. Before you start, you must first prepare the directories which hold your po files.
Using Transifex, you can contribute to both Fedora and Upstream projects. Fedora ones are those which Fedora is upstream for, ie. maintaining and handling. These are usually only used by Fedora.
Daftar Proyek Fedora yang dapat diterjemahkan
A cleaning is on the way, you could help. Some projects are not there, some other in any release, some dead…. We should sort them and explain the difference between sourcing the Fedora Project teams and the others
- Visit https://fedora.transifex.com.
- The new page shows the full statistics for this release per language:
Then choose your language you want to translate to.For example, I choose Chinese(China),its link points to https://fedora.transifex.com/projects/p/fedora/language/zh_CN/
- You should see many table rows have relationship with Fedora, such as Anaonda, Release Notes, many Fedora Documentation and other upstream projects.These are all translatable Click on the table row you want to contribute to. For example, I click on the Anaconda → Master ,and Transifex will give you this popup:
- Click the Translate Now button and do your awesome job!
Terjemahkan secara Daring
The easiest way to translate is by using the Transifex Web Editor. It's an intuitive interface which does not require you to download files on your system and re-upload them back.
- Follow the instructions above to locate the resource which interests you.
- On the popup, you should see a "Translate Now" button. If you are logged-in on Transifex and a member of the language team, it should be clickable. Click it!
- You should now be in the Transifex Web editor (codenamed Lotte). Go on and translate as much as you want, and at the end, click "Save and Exit".
Note: When you translate online, the file is automatically "Locked" and other people are notified about your work. Never translate something that another translator has already locked -- you might be overwriting his own work!
Terjemahkan secara Luring
If you prefer to translate offline, you can simply download & upload a translation file.
Before you download any files, we suggest you prepare a directory to hold your files. The described structure below is an example only, and your structure can be formed differently.
mkdir -p ~/fedora-translations/
Obtaining and Translating Projects
You can download a file to translate. You may need to communicate with other translators in your language team to avoid conflict. If you are not sure, please contact your language coordinator. Also locking a file will avoid potential conflicts.
- On your Release-Language page find the resource (table row) you want to translate and click on it for the popup to appear.
- Click on "Download for translation" button to download the file as the name of your choice to the directory you created in the previous section (e.g. abrt.po).
- Now the file is on your local workstation and ready for translation. Translate the file into your language eg. with a POeditor of your choice such as Lokalize or gtranslator.
- Check the integrity of your file before commit using
msgfmt -cvo /dev/null abrt.po. If any error messages appear, correct it before commit.
Please note that all files offered from Transifex are already merged (msgmerged) with the POT files. This happens both when you download and when you upload files.
Committing Projects
Once you finish translation work, commit the file using the same interface.
- Make sure you are logged in on Transifex.
- Navigate back to your Release-Language page and click on the resource you want to upload to. Be careful not to upload on a different resource.
- Click on the "Upload" button and locate your translated file on your local system, and Submit it. The interface might take some time (for large files up to one minute) and finally notify you that the file was submitted successfully. If you receive an error or some other message, please post it to the Fedora Localization Project mailing list so it can be addressed.
Menambah Berkas Baru
If one of the resources in the release is missing your translation, you should see it missing from the release page, and see a separate list at the bottom of the page as follows:
The following resources don't have any translations in Japanese: 1) python-fedora → python-fedora.pot
- Click on it -- it will take you to that resource's main page.
- Click "Add Translation"
- Choose your language and click "Translate Online".
- Go ahead and translate online a few or all the strings, and then "Save and Exit".
Proofreading Software Translations
Since Fedora 12, the composed live image has been available to download for reviewing and correcting software translation in user interface. This live image is composed around a week before Fedora Software Translation Deadline and made available by deadline date. This image should include all latest translation submitted at this point.
To proofread your translation as part of the software, follow these steps:
1. Change directory to the package you want to proofread. For example:
cd ~/myproject/system-config-printer/
2. Convert the po file to a mo file using msgfmt with -o option:
msgfmt -o system-config-printer.mo ja.po
3. Back up the existing file and overwrite old one.
su - cp /usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/system-config-printer.mo system-config-printer.mo-backup mv system-config-printer.mo /usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/ exit
4. Proofread the package with the translated strings as part of the application. The application related to the translated package runs with the translated strings.
LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 system-config-printer
Menerjemahkan Dokumentasi
Translating Fedora docs is exactly the same as translating software, so just follow the same instructions as above. Make sure you select the "Fedora Documentation" Release, which will lead you to a separate Release-Language page, specialized in Docs.
Example:
https://fedora.transifex.com/projects/p/fedora/r/fedora-docs/
Memahami Struktur Multi Berkas
Fedora Docs mostly use Publican. Unlike software, a guide has multiple po files structure. Each file corresponds to each chapter in that guide. The file name usually consists of the chapter name. This structure is very useful as more than one translator can work on certain guide same time.
Bahasa baru: Membuat Berkas docbook-locales
If you are creating the first-ever translation for a locale, you must first translate docbook-locales file used in all documents for your locale.
- Navigate to the docbook-locales Transifex project: https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/fedora-docbook-locales/resource/locale/
- If your language is not there, just add it.
- File a bug in Bugzilla against Product "Fedora Documentation" with Component "docs-requests". You may leave the details blank, or name the guide name(s) which you like to translate. Attach Files if Necessary. If you have any problems submitting po files using above instructions, you can attach it to the bug.
- Use the following Summary on the bug: "[ja]: New language support request."
Mempublikasikan Docs
When your doc translation is ready to be published on the Fedora Documentation website, make a formal request for publishing the translation by following these steps:
- File a bug against the publishing-requests component of the Fedora Documentation product in Bugzilla. In the description field, remember to mention the document name and language version you want to publish. If you wish to publish multiple documents at once, file a separate bug for each of the documents.
- Members of the docs-publishers FAS group will be notified of your request and will get your translation published. Once the translation gets published, they will close the bug for you.
For instructions on publishing documentation that has been translated in Zanata, refer to the Zanata Quickstart.
The steps mentioned above don't affect the translation teams that are used to publish their docs translations. Only the translation teams that lack necessary manpower or knowledge to publish docs on the Fedora Documentation website are required to file bugs in Bugzilla to publish their docs translations.
If you would like to help out with the publishing process and become a member of the docs-publishers FAS group, contact the Docs Project. To make the whole process faster, translation teams are advised to have at least one member in the docs-publishers FAS group to take care of the team's publishing requests.
Dokumentasi yang dapat diterjemahkan
The most important documentation for each release of Fedora are the following:
- docbook-locales
- Common Content for Publican
- Publican branding for Fedora
- Documentation website
- Release Notes
- Burning ISOs
- Live Image
For a full list of Fedora docs available for translation, refer to the Docs Project guides table.
Menerjemahkan Situs web
Fedora Websites are also translatable via Transifex. You can find all projects related to Fedora websites in the Fedora Websites Release:
https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/fedora/r/fedora-websites/
Translate website projects the same way as for software projects. Please note that new translations are actually pulled hourly in order to rebuild all websites. But POTs are updated manually. If you've your file 100% translated but still see some English strings on the website, please report to the Websites team by opening a Trac ticket.
Menambahkan Berkas po Baru
Add new po files the same as for software projects. If you are creating the first-ever translation for a locale, you must notify the Fedora Websites team to add the new language to the website. Post the request to the websites mailing list or using the Trac instance, so that the Websites team can add the language to the Apache configuration for the site.
Proofreading
Generally the Websites team provides test sites that you can use to proofread your work.
Translating Wiki Pages
Please refer to Translating page to see the details of translating the wiki pages.
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
Here are some FAQs about the Localization Project.
Should I translate legal notices?
No. You must never do that. The exact wording of the legal notices is very important and a translation not approved by lawyers is very risky. Red Hat is the legal representative and primary sponsor of the Fedora Project and does not have the resources to cross check every single translation. Just leave the original English notice in tact when it covers legal matters.
How do I report issues?
Before reporting (either opening a new ticket or the list), please search to see if there's an existing report opened. It sometimes help to ask in #fedora-l10n if there's a known issue at that exact moment. If not, please open a ticket describing what's wrong with the service in clarity. Include the nature of the problem, the project/resource, the time (in UTC) it happened and your Fedora username. If you suspect it might be a problem with the particular file you are uploading or the target file, include that information as well.
Where do I report issues?
- Issues specific to Transifex should be reported using the "Feedback" button on the right-side of the website.
- These include: Questions related to Transifex, possible bugs, feature requests, problems you are having with the site, such as a slow webpage, login issues.
- These do not include missing Fedora projects, Fedora team creation requests, Fedora coordinators etc.
- Issues specific to Fedora L10n should be first reported on Matrix channel #l10n:fedoraproject.org(other clients|?) and then on the trans-XX mailing list.(Replace trans-XX with your L10N team's maillist name.Seek your team's name at: L10N Teams page.)
- These include team questions, releases, projects, Fedora maintainers, developers etc.
- These do NOT include questions Transifex bugs, feature requests, problems you are having with the site, such as a slow webpage, login issues, or wrong statistics because a project is missing from the release.
Where do I report feature requests?
Please see above section, 'issues specific to Transifex'.
How do I create a new team? (#new-team)
See L10N Maintainer on how to become a maintainer of a new language.
My file is 100% but when I test the application I still see English strings! (#missing-strings)
This wasn't a question, by the way. Nevermind. The following might have gone wrong:
- The strings in question have not been marked for translation by the developer, hence they haven't been included in the POT file, and thus not in the PO file. He needs to use gettext on them.
- The source files of these strings have not been marked for inclusion, in the intltool case.
- The POT file of Transifex is not up to date. The component page includes the date when the POT file has been produced. If this is more than a few hours in the past, please notify the admins, otherwise it should be OK.
Are the statistics live? How often are they updated? (#update-frequency)
The statistics on Transifex are always live on the project pages. The Release pages are updated once per day.
How do I add a module to Transifex? (#add-transifex)
- Navigate to https://www.transifex.com/projects/add/
- Follow the instructions from http://help.transifex.com/intro/projects.html
If you want the Fedora Localization Project to handle your translations (i.e. you are NOT an upstream project):
- Click 'Access Control' on your Project Details Page
- Outsource team control to "The Fedora Project"
- Send an email to fedora-trans-list and let the contributors know about the change. One of the Fedora L10n Editors will add your project to one of the Fedora releases.
Here are two more pages you might want to read:
- http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/trans/2011-January/008573.html
- http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/docs/2011-February/013109.html
I'm a developer, how can I make .desktop files translatable?
Transifex will natively support .desktop files soon.
I can't find "About this Computer" string. Where is it?
It can be found at AboutThisComputer.
Is the section of export regulations shown at the bottom of the fedoraproject.org/get-fedora page translatable?
No. This is purposely set up as non-translatable. Please refer to Non-translatable export regulations?.
If some strings change past string freeze, how do I request a string freeze breakage?
Email the trans mailing list!
What if I overwrite a wrong file?
If you have overwritten a wrong file in your own locale, try to find the old file on the developer's git repo (http://git.fedorahosted.org/git/) and replace the wrongly updated file with this file.
Even though these are measures to correct mistake, we strongly advice you to take extra care while submitting the translations via Transifex and make sure that you are uploading file in proper location under proper locale because some projects don't keep translation files under their CVS tree (do I say "Anaconda" ? oO)
I'm from the Docs Project. How do I make my Guide / Release Notes / other document available for translation?
If you keep you document in a git repository, see Setting up a document with Transifex to find out how to make it available to translators on Transifex.
Informasi Panduan
Orang-orang berikut ini memiliki kontribusi terhadap panduan ini:
- Manuel Ospina
- Paul W. Frields
- Noriko Mizumoto
- Dimitris Glezos
- Diego Búrigo Zacarão
- Piotr Drąg
- Misha Shnurapet
- Petr Kovar