From Fedora Project Wiki
Systemd migration and packaging
Systemd has excellent man pages for all the relevant migration options as well as Packaging:Systemd so see man:
systemd.special systemd.service systemd.socket systemd.target systemd.timer systemd.time systemd.unit
Sysv to systemd service migration
Setting up the migration environment for systemd services.
For sys V to systemd migration create a service.txt file with the following unmigrated ( 119 ) components in Fedora
amavisd-new bdii bitten bluez boa ceph cfengine cherokee clement conmux ctdb cyphesis dahdi-tools dhcp_probe dircproxy diskimage-builder dkim-milter dpm-dsi drbdlinks drbd ebtables firehol fts-server globus-gatekeeper globus-gridftp-server globus-rls-server globus-scheduler-event-generator gmediaserver gofer greylistd i8kutils ibmasm imagefactory iodine iprutils koji resource-agents ltsp lvm2 mimedefang perl-mogilefs-server mom monotone moodle mysql-proxy nagios ncid nessus-core netbsd-iscsi netcf netdisco netdump-server nightview noip nordugrid-arc nxtvepg oidentd openpts openscada openser openslp opentracker orbited ovirt-engine pathfinder pcp Perlbal pgbouncer plague pnp4nagios popfile powerman psad python-carbon qpid-cpp RabbIT ratbox-services redis rinputd ris-linux root roundup rubygem-openshift-origin-node sagator ser sigul sip-redirect sipwitch sks smstools snake spampd spawn-fcgi Spawning spectrum ssbd sslogger svxlink tabled tetrinetx thebridge tinyproxy tmda torque ttywatch ulogd vblade vhostmd vmpsd voms Vuurmuur xorg-x11-xfs xrootd xtide yum-cron yum-utils zarafa
Then git clone the packages from Fedora
while read line; do git clone git://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/$line; done < services.txt
Create a separated branch to work on
while read line;
do
cd $line;
git checkout -b systemd-timers;
cd -
done < services.txt
Decide which component you are going to be migrating and add your name next to it on this list
| Package name | Bug Number | Port Status | Ready for Proven Packager | Proven Packager | Note |
| amavisd-new | #N/A |  Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| amavisd-new-snmp | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| bdii | #N/A | No | Nobody | ||
| bitten-slave | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| bluez-compat | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| boa | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ceph | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| cfengine | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| cherokee | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| clement | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| cmirror | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| conmux | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ctdb-tests | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| cyphesis | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dahdi-tools | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dhcp_probe | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dircproxy | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| diskimage-builder | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dkim-milter | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dpm-dsi | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| drbdlinks | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| drbd-utils | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ebtables | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| firehol | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| fts-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| globus-gatekeeper | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| globus-gridftp-server-progs | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| globus-rls-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| globus-scheduler-event-generator-progs | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| gmediaserver | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| gofer | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| greylistd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| i8kutils | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ibmasm | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ifplugd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Orphan | |
| imagefactory | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| iodine-client | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| iodine-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| iprutils | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| koji-builder | 995753 | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| koji-utils | 995753 | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| koji-vm | 995753 | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ldirectord | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ltsp-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| lvm2-cluster | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mimedefang | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mogilefsd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mogstored | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mom | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| monotone-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| moodle | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mysql-mmm-agent | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | ORPHAN |
| mysql-mmm-monitor | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | ORPHAN |
| mysql-proxy | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nagios | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ncid | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ncid-client | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ncid-samba | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ncid-speak | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nessus-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| netbsd-iscsi | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| netcf-libs | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| netdisco | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| netdump-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nightview-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| noip | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-acix-cache | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-acix-index | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-arex | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-aris | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-cache-service | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-datadelivery-service | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-egiis | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-gridftpd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-hed | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nordugrid-arc-ldap-infosys | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nxtvepg | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| oidentd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| openpts | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| openscada | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| openser | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| openslp-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| opentracker-ipv4 | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| opentracker-ipv6 | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| orbited | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ovirt-engine-notification-service | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| pathfinderd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| pcp | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| Perlbal | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| pgbouncer | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| plague | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| plague-builder | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| pnp4nagios | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| popfile | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| powerman | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| preload | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | ORPHAN |
| psad | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| python-carbon | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| qpid-cpp-server-ha | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| RabbIT | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ratbox-services | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| redis | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| rinputd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ris-linux | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| root-proofd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| root-rootd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| roundup | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| rubygem-openshift-origin-node | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sagator-core | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ser | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sigul | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sip-redirect | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sipwitch | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sks | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| smstools | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| snake-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| spampd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| spawn-fcgi | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| Spawning | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| spectrum | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ssbd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sslogger-slogd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| svxlink-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| tabled | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| tetrinetx | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| thebridge | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| tinyproxy | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| tmda-ofmipd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| torque-mom | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| torque-scheduler | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| torque-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ttywatch | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ulogd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| vblade | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| vhostmd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| vmpsd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| voms-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| Vuurmuur-daemon | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| xorg-x11-xfs | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| xrootd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| xtide | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| yum-cron | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| yum-updateonboot | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-dagent | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-gateway | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-ical | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-monitor | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-search | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| zarafa-spooler | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody |
Spec file changes
[...]
Source1: ackme.service
BuildRequires: systemd
Requires(post): systemd
Requires(preun): systemd
Requires(postun): systemd
[...]
%install
mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}
%{__install} -p -D -m 644 %{SOURCE1} %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}
%post
%systemd_post ackme.service
%preun
%systemd_preun ackme.service
%postun
%systemd_postun_with_restart ackme.service
%files
%{_unitdir}/ackme.service
[...]
Remember some services do not support being restarted (e.g. D-Bus and various storage daemons). If the service you are migrating should not be restarted upon upgrade, then use the following %post scriptlet instead of the one shown above:
%postun %systemd_postun
Various unit samples
Since we have around 600 - 700 units already in the distribution it's best to look into /lib/systemd/system for existing samples for various type units rather then trying to list them all here.
Cron job to timer migration
When to migrate
If a package ships cron job as well as initscript or native systemd units it's applicable to migration to native systemd timer unit since it already depends on systemd.
Setting up the migration environment for systemd timers.
For timer migration create a timers.txt file with the following content.
amavisd-new apt arm4 atop bcfg2 clement cyrus-imapd dbmail denyhosts dspam exim fetch-crl freeipa hylafax+ inn leafnode ltsp mailman mcelog mdadm mldonkey newscache nsd opendnssec openvas-scanner ovirt-engine ovirt-node polipo sagator sipwitch spamassassin squidGuard subscription-manager sysstat vdsm vnstat yum-cron
Then git clone the packages from Fedora
while read line do git clone git://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/$line; done < timers.txt
Create a separated branch to work on
while read line
do
cd $line;
git checkout -b systemd-timers;
cd -
done < timers.txt
Decide which component you are going to be migrating and add your name next to it on this list
| Package name | Bug Number | Port Status | Ready for Proven Packager | Proven Packager | Note |
| amavisd-new | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | drop cron use tmpfile |
| apt | #991684 | Yes | Nobody | ||
| arm4 | #991696 | Yes | Nobody | ||
| atop | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | Cron job restarts service could potentially be a feature |
| bcfg2 | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| clement | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| cyrus-imapd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dbmail | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| denyhosts | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| dspam | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| exim | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| fetch-crl | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| freeipa-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| hylafax+ | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| inn | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| leafnode | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ltsp-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mailman | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mcelog | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mdadm | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| mldonkey-server | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| newscache | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| nsd | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| opendnssec | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| openvas-scanner | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ovirt-engine | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| ovirt-node | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| polipo | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sagator-core | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sipwitch | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| spamassassin | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| squidGuard | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| subscription-manager | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| sysstat | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| vdsm-reg | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| vnstat | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody | |
| yum-cron | #N/A | Nobody |
No | Nobody |
Add the timer unit to git
git add ackme-job.service git add ackme-job.timer
Commit the change and create a patch.
git commit -a -m "Migrating cron job to native systemd units" git format-patch -s -n master..systemd-timers
Push the patch or file a bug in Fedora and add it to the Timer Migration Tracking Bug by setting 991679 as an blocker in that report.
Unit migration/Creation
Manual activation of timer units
systemctl enable ackme.timer
Starting the timer unit
systemctl start ackme.timer
Enablement of timer units by default is handled by presets
Spec file changes
[...]
Source1: ackme.service
Source2: ackme.timer
BuildRequires: systemd
Requires(post): systemd
Requires(preun): systemd
Requires(postun): systemd
[...]
%install
mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}
%{__install} -p -D -m 644 %{SOURCE1} %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}
%{__install} -p -D -m 644 %{SOURCE2} %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}
%post
%systemd_post
%preun
%systemd_preun
%postun
%systemd_postun
%files
%{_unitdir}/ackme.service
%{_unitdir}/ackme.timer
[...]
Various Timer unit samples
Bound to another service
Should always be used when shipped with service/daemon units
ackme.service:
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Service Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/ackmed [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
ackme-job.timer
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Trigger Documentation=man:ackmed(1) BindTo=ackme.service [Timer] OnCalendar=daily [Install] WantedBy=ackme.service
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Daily ackme Job Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/acme-job
After Boot Time Trigger
ackme-job.timer
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Trigger 5 Minutes After Boot Documentation=man:ackmed(1) BindTo=ackme.service [Timer] OnBootSec=5m [Install] WantedBy=timers.target
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Daily Sample Ackme Job Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/acme-job
After Boot + Hourly Time Trigger
ackme-job.timer
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Trigger 5 Minutes After Boot And Hourly After That Documentation=man:ackmed(1) BindTo=ackme.service [Timer] OnBootSec=5m OnUnitActiveSec=1h [Install] WantedBy=timers.target
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Daily Sample Ackme Job Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/acme-job
Traditional Hourly
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Trigger Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Timer] OnCalendar=hourly [Install] WantedBy=timers.target
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Daily Ackme Sample Job Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/acme-job
Traditional Daily
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Unit Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Timer] OnCalendar=daily [Install] WantedBy=ackme.service
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Daily ackme time trigger Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/ackme-job
Traditional Weekly
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Unit Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Timer] OnCalendar=weekly [Install] WantedBy=timers.target
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Daily ackme time trigger Documentation=man:ackmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/ackme-job
Traditional Monthly
[Unit] Description=Ackme Sample Timer Trigger Documentation=man:acmed(1) [Timer] OnCalendar=monthly [Install] WantedBy=timers.target
ackme-job.service
[Unit] Description=Monthly Ackme Sample Job Documentation=man:acmed(1) [Service] User=ackme ExecStart=/usr/bin/ackme-job
Systemd hacking for fun
Idea Stick it 3000
Create a minimal installer based on Kay's Fedora minimal installer which downloads and installs a fully bootable text mode UEFI-only btrfs system, that supports using btrfs send/receive/sendshot.
UI design something similar to liveusb creator
Would need to support both yum and apt-get